用作介詞與副詞的about用法易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)
1. 表示“關(guān)于”,注意與介詞 on 的區(qū)別:about 指泛泛地或非正式地談?wù)撃呈,其談(wù)摰膬?nèi)容也較為普通;而 on 則指比較有系統(tǒng)地或理論性較強(qiáng)地論述某事,其論述的內(nèi)容較正式或較為嚴(yán)肅。試比較:

He was reading a book on ethics. 他正在讀一本關(guān)于倫理學(xué)的書(shū)。

He wrote a book on scientific baby care. 他寫(xiě)了一本有關(guān)科學(xué)育嬰的書(shū)。

She’s writing a book on her travels in China. 她正在撰寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)她在中國(guó)旅行的書(shū)。

He has written a book about angling. 他寫(xiě)了一本關(guān)于釣魚(yú)的書(shū)。

She had written a book about her childhood. (G51) 她寫(xiě)過(guò)一本關(guān)于自己童年的書(shū)。

He has been working on the illustration of a book about animals. 他一直在給一本有關(guān)動(dòng)物的書(shū)畫(huà)插圖。

再比較:

(1) a book on rabbits 指的是一本論及兔子的學(xué)術(shù)著作

(2) a book about rabbits 指的可能是一本供小孩看的關(guān)于兔子的故事書(shū)

2. 表示“帶在身上”,一般指隨身帶的小物品,有時(shí)可與表示類(lèi)似含義的介詞 with / on 換用:

He had a pistol about [on, with] him. 他身上帶著一支手槍。

Have you got any money about [on, with] you? 你身上帶錢(qián)沒(méi)有?

How much cash do you have about [on, with] you? 你身上帶著多少現(xiàn)金?

Do you have any identification / ID about [on, with] you? 你身上帶著身份證件了嗎?

3. 用于數(shù)字前,表示“大約”:

A generation is about 25 years. 一代大約是25年。

Please don’t wake me till about 8. 請(qǐng)?jiān)诎它c(diǎn)左右才叫醒我。

I will call for you about 2.30. 我將在2點(diǎn)30分左右來(lái)接你。

I went to sleep about 11 last midnight. 我昨晚大約是在十一點(diǎn)睡著的。

4. 在動(dòng)詞 know, hear, speak 等之后用不用介詞 about / of, 含義有差別:

I have heard about him, but I don’t know him. 我聽(tīng)到過(guò)一些關(guān)于他的事,但不認(rèn)識(shí)他這個(gè)人。

I’ve heard of him, but I don’t know about him. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他,但我不知道有關(guān)他的情況。

比較:

know sb 認(rèn)識(shí)某人

know of sb 知道有某人

know about sb 知道有關(guān)某人的事或情況

hear sb 聽(tīng)到某人(講話)

hear of sb聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)某人

hear about sb 聽(tīng)到關(guān)于某人的事或情況

5. be about to (do),意為“即將”“馬上”。注意該短語(yǔ)不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如:soon, tomorrow, immediately 等)連用:

He was just about to burst into song. 他就要唱起歌來(lái)了。

Work was about to start on a new factory building. 新廠房即將動(dòng)工。

I was about to leave when you came in, but I won’t go now. 剛才我正要離開(kāi), 你就來(lái)了,我現(xiàn)在不走了。

Please buckle up now;we’re about to land. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)系好安全帶,我們就要著陸了。

比較正誤句:

正:He is about to return to his homeland. 他即將回鄉(xiāng)。

誤:He is about to return to his homeland tomorrow.

另外注意:

(1) 該短語(yǔ)可與并列連詞when(這時(shí))連用:

I was (just) about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡覺(jué),這時(shí)突然電話鈴響了起來(lái)。

(2) be about 之后可接動(dòng)名詞(但 be about to 之后不能接動(dòng)名詞):

I was (just) about going to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡覺(jué),這時(shí)突然電話鈴響了起來(lái)。


本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://m.yy-art.cn/chuzhong/1184323.html

相關(guān)閱讀:2019年中考必考英語(yǔ)作文話題(28)