【—過去進(jìn)行時專項語法的輔導(dǎo)】什么是過去進(jìn)行時,它的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法是什么?下文老師為同學(xué)們帶來介紹。
(一)定義
過去進(jìn)行時,是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動作。
(二)結(jié)構(gòu)
was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞)
。ㄈ┯梅
1、過去進(jìn)行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如:
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來,受傷了。
It was raining when they left the station.
他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r候,陽光燦爛。
2. 過去進(jìn)行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如:
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?
昨天晚上九點她在做什么? (介詞短語表示時間點)
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
當(dāng)我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時間點)
3. 在復(fù)合句中,如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的,那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時。例如:
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他邊等車邊看報。 (兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進(jìn)行)
4. 通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時的動詞主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如:
誤:I was knowing the answer.
正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
誤:I wasn't understanding him.
正:I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
典型例題:
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用過去時。同時,when表時間的同時性,“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景,因此用過去進(jìn)行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意為"當(dāng)……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時,用過去進(jìn)行;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候,另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報紙時,奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時),是系動詞,后跟形容詞,如:fall sick。
上述老師為大家?guī)淼年P(guān)于過去進(jìn)行時的語法講解,希望同學(xué)們能夠掌握!
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