一、 短語(yǔ)翻譯
1.對(duì)青少年很常見(jiàn)
be common to teenagers
2.調(diào)大音量
turn up
3.一次時(shí)間的浪費(fèi)
a waste of time
4.和某人的一次不愉快的經(jīng)歷
an unpleasant experience with sb.
5.強(qiáng)迫某人做某事
force sb to do sth
6. 比預(yù)期的早一天
a day earlier than expected
7.be too hard on sb
對(duì)某人太苛刻了
8.等不及做
can’t wait to do
9.讓某人掌管
leave sb in charge
10.期待某人的好的決定
expect a good decision from sb.
11.不受懲罰
go unpunished
12.把某人的雙臂交叉著
have one’s arms crossed
13.給某人一個(gè)解釋的機(jī)會(huì)
give sb. a chance to explain
14.值得知道真相
deserve to know the truth
15. 以…形式in the form of
16. 給出…的理由
give a reason for sth.
17. 在某方面不同differ in /be different in
18. 跟某人因?yàn)槟呈露鵂?zhēng)辯
argue with sb. about sth.
二、句型講解:
1. Growing up can be difficult. (p21)成長(zhǎng)不容易。
growing up是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。
1) Sb.’s/sb. doing是動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，可在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。
2) 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，用it 做形式主語(yǔ)
① Finding a good place to live continues to be one of the man’s most urgent problems.
（用continue適當(dāng)形式填空）
②Tom’s returning so soon surprised me.（湯姆返回）
③Reading English is easier than speaking it. （讀英語(yǔ)）
④It is no use arguing with him. （和他辯論）
補(bǔ)充詞組:grow up成長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)大 grow into長(zhǎng)成，發(fā)展成grow out of 產(chǎn)生自；戒掉
2. Do you have to turn up your music so loud? （p21）你非得把音樂(lè)聲調(diào)得這么大嗎?
turn up 1)旋大;開(kāi)大。
Turn the radio up a little. It's too low. （把收音機(jī)聲音開(kāi)大點(diǎn)）
2）(人)露面，到；(物)被發(fā)現(xiàn)；
① 他突然出現(xiàn)在會(huì)上。 He suddenly turned up at the meeting.
② 你丟掉的鋼筆總有一天會(huì)出現(xiàn)的。 Your lost pen will surely turn up one day.
3．Don't you think this is a waste of time? (p21)難道你不認(rèn)為這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間嗎?
常用句型 a waste of …浪費(fèi)……
It's a waste of …doing sth. 做某事是浪費(fèi)……
waste…on sth. 在……上浪費(fèi)……
waste…(in)doing sth. 浪費(fèi)……做某事
①I(mǎi)t's a waste of time waiting any longer. （再等下去）
②Much energy is wasted producing things that are thrown away.（生產(chǎn)扔掉的東西）
③You're wasting your time trying to persuade him. He'll never join us. （想勸說(shuō)他）
④She wasted too much money on those books.（買(mǎi)那些書(shū)）
4. When you have a problem and want to talk to someone, who do you choose to talk to? (p21) 當(dāng)你有問(wèn)題想跟人談一談時(shí)，你喜歡跟誰(shuí)談呢?
choose v. 選擇；決定；喜歡；寧愿
①I(mǎi) had to choose between the two. (在兩者間做選擇)
②I want to choose her a nice present.==I want to choose a nice present for her.
③There are many types to choose from.（可選）
④He chose to stay home while all the others went to the cinema.（選擇了）
⑤We chose her as/to be monitor.選她做班長(zhǎng)。
補(bǔ)充：choice n. 選擇，抉擇，挑揀上的人／物 make a choice做選擇
have no choice but to do 只好，不得不
at one’s own choice 任意地，隨意地
5. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (p22)
媽媽和爸爸比預(yù)期的早一天度假回來(lái)。
expect預(yù)想, 預(yù)期，料想 than expected比預(yù)料的 as expected如預(yù)料的那樣
①There are more people present than expected.（比預(yù)料）
②The film was not interesting as expected.（不如預(yù)料）
6. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.(p22)
埃里克跑進(jìn)來(lái)追球，后面跟著一只走得慢騰騰的狗。
followed by… 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨或方式狀浯，表示被動(dòng)含義。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示主動(dòng)意味，即表示該動(dòng)作是前面主語(yǔ)發(fā)出來(lái)的。
①The boy spent the night locked in the room.
②He sat in the corner of the room, crying sadly.
Do you know the boy (who is) lying under the big tree?
There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
7．The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone，but Spot looks so hungry! (p22) 你應(yīng)該用來(lái)買(mǎi)狗食的錢(qián)不見(jiàn)了，但Spot卻一副餓相。
were to在此表示過(guò)去的計(jì)劃和安排。was/were to還可表示純過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的意義。be to do結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示計(jì)劃;安排;指示;命令或要求等，它也可以表示可能性或注定要發(fā)生的事情。提示：be to可用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示“想要” (should/want to)。
①Their daughter is to be married soon.（快要結(jié)婚了）
②No one is to leave the building. （任何人不得離開(kāi)）
③You are to be back by 10 o'clock.（你要在十點(diǎn)前回來(lái)）
④If you are to see him, you must come early. （你要見(jiàn)他，你就得早點(diǎn)來(lái)）
be gone: gone在句中作表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)。gone形式上為過(guò)去分詞，但它常被用作形容詞，作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“離開(kāi)了的；(時(shí)間)過(guò)去了；(物)不見(jiàn)了，用完了，消逝了”等意。
①How long do you think you'll be gone? （你要離開(kāi)多久？）
②When I came back，my car was gone. （不見(jiàn)了）
③Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.（日子一去不復(fù)返）
8．We didn’t think you would let the house get so dirty.
當(dāng)think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)，且本身為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。否定轉(zhuǎn)移是指否定形式在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而否定的信息焦點(diǎn)卻在狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，或否定形式在主句，而否定的信息焦點(diǎn)卻在從句。這是英語(yǔ)的一種習(xí)慣思維方法，與漢語(yǔ)不同，應(yīng)予注意�，F(xiàn)分類(lèi)歸納如下：
1．not＋think，believe，suppose，imagine…＋that－clause 在這種句式中，not從賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面轉(zhuǎn)移到了主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞think，believe，suppose等的前面。例如：
I'm sorry，but I don't think I know you．對(duì)不起，我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。
I don't believe he'll come．我想他是不會(huì)來(lái)的。
這類(lèi)句子后面的反意疑問(wèn)句更能準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)明not的否定范圍。如：
I don't think you've met Xiao Wang，have you？我想你沒(méi)碰見(jiàn)過(guò)小王，對(duì)嗎？
2．not…because（of） 這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的 not否定的是后面 because引導(dǎo)的從句或 because of引起的介詞短語(yǔ)。也就是說(shuō)，not從because（of）的前面轉(zhuǎn)移到了主句或整個(gè)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面。例如：
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so．他并不只是因?yàn)閬喞锸慷嗟抡f(shuō)過(guò)某事如何如何，就輕易相信它。
I didn't take a raincoat because it was raining．我不是因?yàn)橄轮瓴艓в暌碌摹?br />3．not…＋動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ) 在這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們實(shí)際上是將否定后面不定式的not轉(zhuǎn)移到了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上。如：
Jack doesn’t seem to like you．（＝ Jack seems not to like you．）杰克看來(lái)不喜歡你。
He didn't take the boy from the tracks to safety to win his own fame，but to benefit the boy's parents．他把男孩從鐵軌上抱到安全地帶，不是為了獲得個(gè)人的名譽(yù)，而是為了孩子的父母。
He didn't come here by train．他不是乘火車(chē)來(lái)的。
9．This is not the family where bad behavior goes unpunished and you…
go unpunished 意思是“不會(huì)被懲罰”這兒go 是連系動(dòng)詞表示“保持某種狀態(tài)”(通常不是期待的狀態(tài))：in a particular and usually undesirable state
His complaints went unnoticed. （他的抱怨沒(méi)有人注意。）
All the man here go armed （這兒所有的人都武裝起來(lái)。）
The food easily goes bad in the summer. （ 食物在夏季很容易邊壞。）
It is necessary not to let errors go uncorrected. （不能讓錯(cuò)誤不訂正是必須的。）
課 堂 檢 測(cè)
一、翻譯下列短語(yǔ)
1．不許再玩電腦游戲
no more computer games
2．想要做某事
feel like doing sth
3．本應(yīng)該
should have done
4．做出明智的選擇
make good decisions
5．在某方面不同
differ in /be different in
6．撥打….（號(hào)碼）找我
call me at/on
7．雙臂交叉
have one’s arms crossed
8．既然
now that
9．擔(dān)當(dāng)
act as
10．一片狼藉
( in) a mess
二、單項(xiàng)選擇題
1. Recently I bought a second-hand car ____D______ was very low.
A. which price B. the price of whose C. its price D. whose price
2. Is this factory ___C___we visited last year? www.xkb1.com
A. where B. in which C. the one D. at which
3. We visited the factory __ B__ makes toys for children.
A. where B. which C. in which D. at which
4. I have many friends, D some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
5. The doctor A she sent her friend is very famous.
A. to whom B. to whose C. whom D. at whom
6. Don’t be too hard ___ B ___the boy; he didn’t mean _____ it.
A. at; doing B. on; to do C. on; doing D. for; to do
7. This box is so heavy that he cannot lift it. __D__ , he is only a ten-year-old child.
A. In all B. Above all C. At all D. After all
8. There was a terrible thunder __B__the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. was followed D. which was followed by
9. I insisted that he __C__, which means I insisted on ____.
A. should go; he goes B. go; he goes
C. he should go; him going D. would go; his going
10. Mother’s expression suggested she __D__ angry, so I suggested Father ____ talking to her. A. should be; would stop B. be; should stop C. was; stopped D. was; stop 11. I can hardly hear the radio．Would you please C ? (NMET 1995) A. turn it on B. turn it down C．turn it up D. turn it off 12. A two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004北京) A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of
13. ??Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls? (NMET 1999)
——Yes. They have better players, so I C them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
14. Laws that punish parents for their 1ittle children's actions against the laws got parents A (2004重慶) .
A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry
15. C you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it. (NMETl999)
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
三、翻譯完成下列句子：
1．你丟掉的筆終會(huì)找到的。Your lost pen will surely turn up one day .
2．他迫不及待地要到市場(chǎng)去。 He can’t wait to go to the market.
3．我不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)，除非邀請(qǐng)我。I won’t go to the party unless invited.
4．他們注定以后永遠(yuǎn)不再見(jiàn)面They were never to see each other.
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