1. run into ①.偶然遇見(jiàn) ②.撞 ③跑進(jìn) ④流入
Guess whom I ran into in town today! ( 偶然遇見(jiàn) )
He ran into the back of another car the other day. ( 撞 )
We saw the boy run into the house. ( 跑進(jìn) )
The river runs into a lake. ( 流入 )
短語(yǔ)：run away 逃跑 run out (of) 耗盡，結(jié)束
“遇見(jiàn)”的說(shuō)法：run into, run across, come across, happen to meet sb,
meet sb. by chance
2. Boy missing, police puzzled.男孩失蹤, 警察迷惑。
= A boy is/goes missing, and the police are puzzled.
go missing=go lost : go 連系動(dòng)詞, 意思為“變成某種狀態(tài)（通常指不好的狀態(tài)）”
如: go mad (發(fā)瘋), go wrong (出故障), go bad (變質(zhì))
puzzle vt. 使迷惑，使為難 n. 謎，謎語(yǔ)；難題，困惑（只用單數(shù)）
puzzled adj. 困惑的，茫然的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的
be/ feel puzzled about sth. 對(duì)…感到困惑
Lucy looks a little _puzzled_. He felt puzzled about the question.
The question puzzled me. = I was puzzled by the question.
（ B ）The __________ look in his face suggested that he_________ that.
A. puzzling; hasn’t expected B. puzzled; hadn’t expected
C. puzzling; doesn’t expect D. puzzled; didn’t expect
puzzle, interest, surprise, astonish, shock, upset, excite, disappoint, please, satisfy, frighten, amaze, convince 等意思為“使??????”的動(dòng)詞都屬于同一類(lèi)，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，可譯為“令人??????的”， 過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，表示“（本身）感到??????的”
1) _B__ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (2006 全國(guó)卷)
A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising
2) Tom sounds _A_ very much in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.
A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly
3) 這個(gè)消息很激動(dòng)人心，所以聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息學(xué)生們都很激動(dòng)。
The news was exciting and the students were all excited at it.
4) 他大吼一聲把那些男孩都嚇住了。
His shouting was frightening and the boys felt frightened.
3. step up : increase, speed up 增加；加速(stepped, stepped)
When John realized he was going to be late, he stepped up his pace.
We decided to step up production to try to meet the increased demand.
We’ll do all we can to step up our aid to those countries.
短語(yǔ): step into走進(jìn) step by step 逐步
4. search vt. 尋找 賓語(yǔ)一般為地點(diǎn) search for : look for賓語(yǔ)是要尋找的東西
search sb. / sp 搜某人的身或搜查某處 search for sb. / sth. 搜尋某人或某事物
search sb/sp for sth在某人身上/某處搜查某物 search out 搜出、 探出
比較：They searched him.他們搜他身； They searched for him.他們?cè)谡宜?br />search n. in search of / in one’s search for
They went out in search of water.= They went out, searching for water.
It was lucky for them in their search for gold.
( D )--- The police have been __________ the area for quite a long time?
--- I’ve also noticed that. What have they been ________ ?
A. searching; searching B. searching for; searching
C. searching for; searching for D. searching; searching for
5. due to : ① because of, caused by 做表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)
他沒(méi)被大學(xué)錄取是因?yàn)樗挠⒄Z(yǔ)太差。
He wasn’t admitted to college due to his poor English.
我們的一切進(jìn)步歸功于老師的幫助。
All the progress we have made is due to our teacher’s help.
由于糟糕的天氣，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不得不被推遲了。
Due to/ As a result of/ Owing to /Because of/On account of the bad weather, the sport meeting has to be put off.
② be due to do 定于（某時(shí)）做某事
他兒子定于三點(diǎn)到。His son is due to arrive at 3pm.
6. witness n. 目擊者; 見(jiàn)證人 v. 目睹; 目擊; 見(jiàn)證
1) I was a witness to their quarrel.
2) 誰(shuí)目擊了這場(chǎng)車(chē)禍？ Who witnessed the accident？
3) The successful launch of Shenzhou VIII is a powerful witness to our country’s increasing prosperity. 神舟八號(hào)的成功發(fā)射是我們偉大祖國(guó)日益強(qiáng)盛的有力見(jiàn)證。
7. see +sb./sth+ do/ doing/done: watch, look at, hear, listen to , notice, feel , observe, have(使，讓)等動(dòng)詞與see有這種相同用法。
1)I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside .
我拉開(kāi)窗簾看見(jiàn)一個(gè)巨大的宇宙飛船正在外面飛行。
2) 我看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)了那家飯店。 I saw him go into the restaurant.
3）有人看見(jiàn)他一小時(shí)前離開(kāi)了。He was seen to leave an hour ago.
4）看到兒子在托兒所受到很好的照顧, 我很高興。
I’m very glad to see my son taken good care of in the nursery.
8. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
倒裝句，句子主語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，為保持句子平衡該句采用了倒裝語(yǔ)序。
結(jié)構(gòu)是：doing+ be+主語(yǔ) 引導(dǎo)的完全倒裝
= Lots of creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.
Standing over there was a girl. Seated at the table was Tom.
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.
9. fright n. 恐懼, frighten vt.使害怕,
frightened adj. 害怕的, frightening adj. 令人害怕的
frighten sb. into (doing) sth. 把某人嚇得做某事
frighten sb. out of (doing) sth. 把某人嚇得不敢做某事
那小偷嚇得不敢說(shuō)話。The thief is frightened out of speaking.
be frightened of sth. 害怕 你怕狗嗎？Are you frightened of a dog?
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 我怕的不敢問(wèn)他。I’m frightened to ask him.
The story, which was frightening frightened us.
I even get frightened when I hear a plane fly over.
The dog frightened away the little girl. = The little girl was frightened by the dog.
10. show up 出現(xiàn), 顯露，到場(chǎng)
We have been waiting for you to show up. 我們一直都在等你出現(xiàn)。
你邀請(qǐng)的人都到場(chǎng)了嗎？Did everyone you invited show up?
show off賣(mài)弄，炫耀
Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.大部分孩子喜歡在人前賣(mài)弄。
show around 帶（某人）參觀（某地）
When I am free, I will show you around my school.我有空時(shí)會(huì)帶你參觀我們學(xué)校。
短語(yǔ)：on show / display / exhibition 在展覽
show in領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)來(lái) show out把某人送到門(mén)口
11. happen to sb. 某事發(fā)生在某人身上，尤指不幸的事
如果機(jī)器出了什么毛病，請(qǐng)通知我們。
If anything happens to this machine, please inform us.
昨天我碰巧看見(jiàn)他。I happened to meet him yesterday.
發(fā)生的表達(dá)(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))：happen, take place, occur, come about
It occurs/occurred to sb that… sth occurs/occurred to sb
A good idea occurred to me.___________________
12. research v. research into / in / on sth. 研究某物
他們正在研究改善人們飲食的方法。
They are researching on ways of improving people’s diet.科學(xué)家正對(duì)太空奧秘進(jìn)行研究。
The scientists are researching on the mysteries of outer space
research n. do / make / carry out research into / on sth.
13. possible adj. possibly adv. possibility n. 可能性，可能
1)It is possible that …
2)There is a possibility of doing sth; There is a possibility that…
Is there any possibility of our getting there in time? 我們有可能及時(shí)到那里嗎?
14. make up 編造；彌補(bǔ)；組成；化妝
Uncle Dick likes making up interesting stories for the children. （ 編造 ）
She had been absent from school for two weeks, so she had a lot of exams to make up. （ 補(bǔ) ）
Girls make up 45% of the student population in our school. （ 占據(jù)，組成 ）
Tom watched his sister making herself up for her date. （ 化妝 ）
We haven’t been getting on well. Let’s make up. （ 彌補(bǔ) ）
be made up of 由…組成
Sixty students make up our class.= Our class is made up of sixty students.
15. look into 向里面看，調(diào)查
我們將調(diào)查這件事的可能性。We’ll look into the possibility of the matter
The police are looking into the reason why the plane crashed into the sea.
Would you mind looking into the problem for me?
The cause of the fire is being looked into now.
The teacher looked into the classroom through the window and found nobody in.
16. take charge (of) 負(fù)責(zé)（處理某事或照顧某人），接／看管
in charge (of ) 負(fù)責(zé)（某事） free of charge 免費(fèi)
sth. be in the charge of sb. in sb’s charge 由某人掌管、負(fù)責(zé)；
1)Who will take charge of the factory during the director’s absence?
2) Tom works there, in charge of the sales department.
湯姆在那兒工作，負(fù)責(zé)銷(xiāo)售部。
3) The girl was safely left in the charge of a nurse.
那個(gè)女孩安全地由一個(gè)護(hù)士看護(hù)著。
4) These books were sent to our school free of charge.
這些書(shū)是免費(fèi)送給我們學(xué)校的。
17. not…until/till…; …until/till…
I did not realize what had happened until he left the room angrily.
=Not until he left the room angrily did I realize what had happened.
=It was not until he left the room angrily that I realized what had happened.
18. carry out 實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，落實(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)
一旦你許下諾言，就應(yīng)該履行它。
Once you have made a promise, you should carry it out.
這個(gè)計(jì)劃不可能實(shí)施。It’s impossible for the plan to be carried out.
19. separate 指把原來(lái)連在一起或靠近的東西“分離”也可指“離別”
divide 指把整體“分成，劃分”許多份，后常接into, between
The Taiwan Straits separate Taiwan from Fujian.
He separated the good apples from the rotten ones.
The island is divided into two parts. He divided his time into work and play.
20. pick up 拾起，撿起；（用車(chē)）接（某人/物），中途搭乘；偶然間學(xué)會(huì)；加快
He picked up his school bag and rushed out of the door. ( 撿起 )
I’ll come to pick you up; please wait for me. ( 接 )
The train picked up speed and ran faster. ( 提高，加快 )
Kathy picked up a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. (學(xué)會(huì) )
21. convince vt. 使確信 convince sb. of sth.
We failed to _convince him of his mistake. 我們沒(méi)能使他相信他是錯(cuò)的。
convince sb. that + 從句 使某人相信 = sb be convinced that + 從句 相信……
I am convinced that what you said is quite right.
They have convinced me that the Chinese people are a great people.
他們是我相信，中華民族是一個(gè)偉大的民族。
convinced adj.確信的，信服的,被說(shuō)服的 convincing adj.令人信服的
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