現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句型:have/has +過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,即用一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作來說明現(xiàn)在的情況。
比較現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have been doing 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是持續(xù)性的過程,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have done 則側(cè)重于這個(gè)動(dòng)作所造成的結(jié)果和影響。
例句對(duì)比(1)It has rained for two hours. 雨下了兩小時(shí)。(雨下完了)It has been raining for two hours. 雨已經(jīng)下了兩小時(shí)了。(現(xiàn)在還在下)
(2)The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 這車又能開了,湯姆修好了它。(修完了)Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. 湯姆的手很臟,他正在修車。(還在修)
(3)I have been writing a book. 我一直在寫一本書。(還沒寫完)I have written a book. 我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。(寫完了)
注意1、有時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)的意思一致。
例如:She has worked on painting for six years. 她畫畫畫了6年了。(還會(huì)繼續(xù))She has been working on painting for six years. 她畫畫已經(jīng)畫了6年了。(還會(huì)繼續(xù))
2、表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例如:I have liked piano for a long time. 我喜歡鋼琴很久了。(喜歡是一種狀態(tài))I have been liking piano for a long time. (錯(cuò)句)
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