【編者按】“及物動詞+介詞+賓語”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見的一種。所謂及物動詞,就是謂語動詞、、、具體內(nèi)容請進(jìn)入大學(xué)頻道
高中英語指導(dǎo):及物動詞的用法及其講解(1)
“及物動詞+介詞+賓語”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見的一種。所謂及物動詞,就是謂語動詞(predicative verb),不必通過介詞引薦賓語。相反的,不及物動詞(intransitive verb)是不帶賓語的。有許多動詞,雖然性質(zhì)是及物的,但不一定要有賓語,如下列的①a和②a便是這種情形:
①a. We study every day.
b. Do you study English every day.
②a. Please write clearly next time.
b. Can you write your composition now?
如果本質(zhì)上就是不及物動詞,就不會有賓語;若要賓語,就要借介詞之助,一起連用才行,如③b和④b;③a和④a是錯的;
*③a. The children are listening the music.
b. The children are listening to the music.
*④a. She is laughing the crippled man.
b. She is laughing at the crippled man.
反之,及物動詞不必靠介詞,就可以帶賓語,如上述的①b和②b ,又如⑤和⑥:
⑤ John is giving a book to me.
⑥ Who will answer this question?
如果無意中把介詞加上,就錯了,如:
*⑦ Who will answer to this question?
下列這句從房地產(chǎn)廣告中看到的句子,也犯了同樣的錯:
“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”
“Awaiting”是個及物動詞,后面的介詞“for”是多余的,要去掉;不然把“awaiting”改為“waiting for”也行。
許多人習(xí)慣上喜歡把介詞加到及物動詞后面,然后才帶出賓語。最常見的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”,如:
⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.
⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.
⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.
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