【摘要】詞海茫茫，高考7000個詞匯如何復習?抓不住重點? 話說單詞應該放在句子中記憶，才能事半功倍，小編精心整理了2013高考英語高頻詞匯：habit practice custom convention，此乃精華中的精華，幫你抓住重點，做到有的放矢。

◆ habit, practice, custom, convention這組名詞一般含義為“習慣”。

◇ habit指個人的“習慣”，通常用于表示做事、思考問題或行為舉止的不自覺的方式方法

That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.

這證明是我的失敗，因為我不久就回到在電視屏幕前打瞌睡的壞習慣去了。

◇ practice 既可表示個人的也可表示社會的“習慣”，這種“習慣”從性質上看是一種反復不斷的或是有選擇性的行為或者方法

On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat——the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.

在另一方面，一想到用動物油煎馬鈴薯，你便會作嘔。然而在許多北歐國家里，這是為大家接受的通常習慣。

She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet following her general practice she had shut them before going out.

她慢慢地走進廳堂，并且立刻發(fā)現所有的房門都是開著的。但是按照她自己的一般習慣，她在外出前總是把門全部關好的。

◇ custom 具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含義，此外，custom 還包含這樣一層意思：長期而廣泛采用的行為或方法，即風俗習慣，按照某地區(qū)人們共同生活及其行為的準則或規(guī)范，它不僅有指導意義，而且具有必須遵循的意義

Don't be a slave to custom. 不要做風俗習慣的奴隸。

From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour.

一個人從誕生的那一時刻起，他降生后所處的風俗習慣便給他的閱歷和行為定型。

◇ convention 其實是其他3個詞的近義詞，它的含義為：固定的或公眾一致承認的行事或表達思想的方法

They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.

他們不顧社會習俗，并未意識到自己在做些與眾不同的事。

◆ hand down;hand in;hand over;hand out ; by hand ;hands up

◇hand down作“把……傳下來”解。例如：

…knowledge， customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.

……他們的知識，生活習慣以及人們所懷念的事情，都是由他們的祖先傳下來的。

The story was handed down from one generation to another.這個故事世代相傳。

◇ hand in為“把……交上來” 、“交給”、“遞交”之意。例如：

Time is up.Hand in your examination papers.時間到了，請把試卷交上來。

◇ hand over作“轉交”或“移送”解。例如：

Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou.請將這筆錢轉交小周。

The thief was handed over to the police.小偷已被移送到公安機關了。

◇ hand out為“散發(fā)”之意。例如：

When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers.

我趕到教室時，老師已開始分發(fā)試卷了。

◇ hands up表示“舉起手來”;◇ by hand表示“用手”、“手工”，是介詞短語，作方式狀語。

[EXERCISES]

①This toy was made . ②After class， you mustyour homework. ③If you have any questions to ask，please . (Keys：①by hand ②hand in ③hands up)

◆ have sb.do sth.;have sb./sth.doing sth.;have sth.done

◇ have sb.do sth.為“使(讓、請)某人做某事”之意，其中作賓補的不帶to的不定式只表示發(fā)生過某事。例如： The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵們讓男孩背對著父親站著。

◇ have sb./sth.doing sth.為“讓某人(某事)一直做某事”之意，其中作賓補的現在分詞表示保持或一直存在的狀態(tài)。例如： The two cheats had their lights burning all night long. 兩個騙子讓燈整夜地亮著。 Although the farm is large，my dad has only two men working for him. 雖然農場大，但我爸爸只雇了兩人為他(一直)干活。

◇ have sth.done 有兩層含義和用法： *其一，作“(有意地)讓他人為自己做某事”解，即過去分詞所表示的動作由別人完成，而賓語是過去分詞所表示動作的承受者或動作對象。例如： I’ll have a new suit made of this cloth. 我要用這種布料做一套新衣服。 *作“(無意識地)讓某人(或某物)遭受不幸”解。例如： He had his handbag stolen. 他的手提包被人偷了。

◆ hear of/ hear from/ hear◇ hear of表示“聽人說起”、“聽說過”，側重于間接聽說;◇ hear from表示“收到……的來信”、“收到……的來電”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞;◇ hear表示“聽見”、“聽到”，后面接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。

[EXERCISES]

①I that our team won. ②I my brother twice a month. ③I her death last week. ④Can you some birds singing? (Keys：①heard ②hear from ③heard of ④hear)

◆ holiday(holidays),leave, vacation 這三個詞都有“假日(期)”的意思，但含義用法并不相同。

◇ holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”

Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和湯姆準備去度假。

I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已經度過假了。

During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car.

在瑞典度假期間，我在我的車子上發(fā)現了這張字條。

Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片總是弄得我過不好假日。

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends.

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