代詞和數(shù)詞
【考點分析】
代詞
1.人稱代詞主格與賓格的用法;
2.名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞的用法;
3.反身代詞的用法;
4.指示代詞this, that, these, those的用法;
5.表示兩者和多者的不定代詞的比較;
6.some,any的用法辨析;
7.each, every的用法辨析;
8.(a) little,(a)few,a bit的用法辨析;
9.替代詞it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法辨析;
10.another, (the) other(s), else; the rest的用法辨析;
11.every-,some-,any-,no-與thing,-one,-body構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞的用法。
數(shù)詞
1.基數(shù)詞的確指和不確指;
2.數(shù)詞與主謂一致關(guān)系;
3.dozen和score的用法;
4.序數(shù)詞與冠詞的連用。
【知識點歸納】
(一)代詞
代詞是高考考查的重點語法項目之一，也是考生容易出錯的項目，因為代詞具有較大靈活性�？忌谧龃~選擇填空時最容易犯的錯誤是1)機械地套用語法規(guī)則;2)用漢語思維去分析題意。從高考考查情況看，高考考查最多的是不定代詞，因為不定代詞是整個代詞中最為活躍的部分，其次是名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞。
I.代詞的分類
單數(shù)
復數(shù)
第一
人稱
第二
人稱
第三
人稱
第一
人稱
第二
人稱
第三
人稱
人稱代詞
主格
I
you
he she it
we
you
they
賓格
me
you
him her it
us
You
them
物主代詞
形容
詞性
my
your
his her its
our
your
their
名詞性
mine
yours
his hers its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代詞
myself
yourself
himself herself itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
指示代詞
this that such
these those such
相互代詞
賓格
each other one another
所有格
each other’s one another’s
不定代詞
可數(shù)
one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither
不可數(shù)
much, (a) little
可數(shù)不可數(shù)
any other all some
復合
不定代詞
anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing
疑問代詞
who whom whose which what
連接代詞
who whom whose which what（參見專題八）
關(guān)系代詞
who whom whose which that（參見專題八）
II.代詞的用法
1.人稱代詞
�、僭诰渲凶髦髡Z,用主格，在句中作賓語,則用賓格;
She teaches them physics.
�、谠诰渲凶鞅碚Z,常用賓格;
Who is it? It’s me.
但有時要用主格：It was I who told him the whole story.
在強調(diào)句型中,強調(diào)的是主語,故I用主格。
�、蹆蓚�或兩個以上的人稱代詞并列時,其順序是：
單數(shù)按2,3,1人稱排列，復數(shù)按1,2,3人稱順序排列。
you, she and I ; we, you and they
2.物主代詞
�、傩稳菰~性物主代詞只能作賓語
We love our motherland.
�、诿~性物主代詞可用作主語,表語和賓語
Your coat is black while mine is red.
3.反身代詞
�、儆米髻e語、表語，或主語、賓語的同位語
He teaches himself Japanese every evening.(賓語)
She is not quite herself today.她今天身體不太舒服。(表語)
I myself can repair the bike.(主語的同位語)
②常用含有反身代詞的慣用語歸納
by oneself= alone 獨自 for oneself獨立、為自己
be oneself處于正常狀態(tài),顯得自然 enjoy oneself玩得愉快
seat oneself坐下 dress oneself in 給自己穿
devote oneself to專心于、獻身于 help oneself to 自行取用、不用客氣
come to oneself蘇醒 make oneself at home 不要客氣
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