Unit 22 Do you have an eraser？

【學習目標】

一、語音

y [j] yes yours young

ay[ei] say play away

y [ai] fly bye try

ey[ei] they hey grey

y [i] body only easy

oy[Ri] boy toy

二、詞匯

1、單詞

shop, closed, day, Friday, early, supermarket, Wednesday, may, borrow, from, Thursday week, Monday, Saturday, Sunday, hey, dictionary, back, tomorrow, CD, lot, evening, model, park, rest, maths / math, all, hard, fun, yeah, take, use, straight, wheel, into,

2、詞組

from…to… 從……到……

go to shop 去商店

give … a hand 給予（某人）幫助

give sth. back 把某物還回

after class 課后/放學后

help … with 幫助……做

have a (good) rest （好好）休息一下

at this time of day 每天的這個時候

work hard 努力工作

三、日常用語

1．Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?

Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

2．We / They have some CDs.

We / They don’t have any CD

3．What day is it today / tomorrow?

It’s Monday.

4．May I borrow your colour pens, please?

Certainly. Here you are.

5．Please give it / them back tomorrow.

OK.

四、語法

1: have的用法

2: some和any的用法

【知識點講解】

1， I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 我想這個時候商店不會開的。

（1）I think意為“我想，我認為”，它后面是一個賓語從句。（引導賓語從句的引導詞that可以省掉），例如：I think Mike is at home.　我想邁克在家。I can't think of their names. 我想不起他們的名字

（2）closed是形容詞，意為“關(guān)閉的”，反義詞是open。close用做動詞時，意為“關(guān)閉”，例如：

The shop closes early on Friday. 星期五店門關(guān)得早。

（3）at this time of day是英語中的一個習慣表達方法，意思是“一天中的這個時候”。例如：

—What do you do at this time of day? 你每天這個時候干什么？

—I do my homework. 我做家庭作業(yè)。

2. —What day is it today? 今天星期幾？

—It's Monday? 今天星期一。

表示“星期幾”時，要用“what day”提問。

3，But please give it back tomorrow. 但請明天歸還。

give sth.back意為“歸還，還給”，如果表示歸還給某人，用give sth. Back to sb.。這個詞組是由“動詞＋副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，其賓語是名詞時，要將名詞放在副詞之前或之后；如果賓語是人稱代詞時，則要將其置于動詞和副詞之間。例如：

You must give my bike back to me tomorrow morning. 你必須在明天早上把自行車還給我。

You must give it back to me tomorrow morning. 你必須在明天早上把它還給我。

Can I borrow your pen? Yes. But please give it back soon. 把你的鋼筆借給我好嗎？可以，但請早點還回來。

如果表示歸還給某人，應該用give sth. Back to sb.

4，May I speak to Uncle John, please? 請找約翰叔叔接電話？

這是打電話用語。表示“找某人接電話”時用：Hello. May/Could/Can I speak to ... ? 或I'd like to speak to ... 如果接電話的人就是對方要找的人，回答語應是：Speaking.，意為“我就是”。，完整的句子是：It's/This is Sam (speaking) here (我是薩姆)。例如：

—May I speak to Mary, please? 請找瑪麗接電話？

—This is Mary speaking. 我是瑪麗。

如果對方找的人不在場，接電話的人可以說Hold on, please.　“請稍等”�；颉皠e掛斷”。如果是對方要找的人根本沒在家，可以說Sorry, he / she isn’t in at the moment.“對不起，此刻他不在家。”等。

5，There's something wrong with my computer. 我的計算機有毛病了。

There's something wrong with sb. / sth. 是一個常用句型，表示“某物出了……毛病”或“某人出了……差錯麻煩”等。一般都用there be 的單數(shù)形式，（there is 或there’s…）。其問句是What's wrong with ... ? 或Is there anything wrong with ... ? 例如：

There's something wrong with my bike. 我的自行車有毛病了。

What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？

6． How about Friday evening? 星期五怎么樣？

How about ... ? 用于征求意見或詢問消息，意為“……怎么樣？”與What about ... ? 句型的用法相同。例如：

What about this green sweater? 這件綠色的毛衣怎么樣？

How about playing football?踢足球去怎么樣？

7. On Monday and Wednesday, he helps his friends with their English. 在星期一和星期三，他幫助他的朋友學習英語。

句中的help... with... 意為“幫助某人做某事”，相當于help sb (to) do sth 。動詞help要和主語保持一致（加s），help是及物動詞，后面可接人稱代詞的賓格形式或表示人的名詞，with后接表示事物的名詞。例如：

Could you come and help me mend it? 你能來幫我修理一下嗎？

【語 法】

1， have的用法

—Do you have an eraser? 你有橡皮嗎？

—Sorry, I don't have one. 對不起，我沒有。

（1）謂語動詞have意為“有，擁有”，在句中有兩種形式：have和has。在單數(shù)第三人稱做主語時，用has，其余人稱均用have。例如：

He has an apple. 他有一個蘋果。

They have some CDs. 他們有一些激光唱片。

I have a big room。 我有一個大房間。

（2）動詞have（有）的疑問式和否定式有如下兩種構(gòu)成方式，美國人用第一種方式，既在句首加助動詞Do或Does，句中的謂語動詞一律用have。英國人人用第二種方式（現(xiàn)在人們已逐漸習慣用第一種方式）。例如：

第一種疑問式：Do you have a good friend?

Does have a good friend?

否定式：I don't have a good friend.

第二種疑問式：Have you a bike?

Has he a bike?

否定式：I haven't a bike.

He hasn't a bike.

注意：當have意為“吃飯”(have breakfast)，“舉行”(have a meeting)或者進行野餐(have a picnic)時，它被看做行為動詞，其疑問式和否定式構(gòu)成與實意動詞相同，即用助動詞do或does來變?yōu)橐蓡柧浠蚍穸ň洹?br />
2， some和any的用法

① some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句，some和any都可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。例如：

I think he has some. 我想他有一些。

I want to get some books. 我想得到一些書。

I want some help. 我想得到一些幫助。

My brother has some new pencils. 我弟弟有幾支新鉛筆。

Excuse me, do you have any glasses? 打攏了，你有玻璃杯嗎？

②但是some除了用于肯定句外，也可用在疑問句中。

a．表示邀請、請求或要求。例如：

Would you like some bottles of orange? 你想要幾瓶橘汁嗎？

Could I have some bottles of milk, please? 請給我?guī)灼颗Ｄ獭?br />
b．表示問話人希望對方作出肯定的回答。例如：

May I hve some milk, Mum? 媽媽，我可以喝些牛奶嗎？

Do you want to buy some food for supper? 你要買些食品做晚飯嗎？

c．在否定疑問句中，表示問話人對否定情況的懷疑或驚訝，有時也表示問話人的肯定傾向。例如：

Aren't there some apples on the table? 桌上不是有幾個蘋果嗎？

Can't you see some birds in the picture? 難道你看不見面上有幾只鳥嗎？

【練習檢測】

單項選擇

1. —May I use your pen?

—__________.

A. Yes, you may B. OK, give you

C. No, you can't D. Certainly, here you are.

2. “Thank you for the present.” “____________”

A. I'm new here. B. Not at all.

C. I'm not sure. D. It's easy.

3. —What day is it today?

—__________.

A. It's Wednesday B. It's eight o'clock

C. It's December D. It's cloudy

4. —__________?

—This is Mr Smith speaking now.

A. Who are you B. Who's that

C. Who are you calling D. What do you want to say

改錯

下面各句都有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。

1. I want to go and play football with my friends on this morning. ( )

2. —What are you doing?

—I'm wearing black trousers. ( )

3. Here your book is. ( )

4. Lucy doesn't has an eraser. ( )

5. Let's to stay at home and watch the TV play. ( )

6. What about play football? ( )

閱讀理解

Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.

1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.

A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed

2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________.

A. green B. black C. brown

3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________.

A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed

4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.

A. only one B. three C. two

5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________.

A. Yes, there is a hat on it

B. No, there is not anything on it

C. Sorry, I don't know

答案及講解

單項選擇

1．D．在別人表示請求時，一般不用“Yes, you may.”而要用表示委婉客氣的用語。

2．B．Not at all意為“不用謝”，用于表示感謝時的應答語。

3．A．What day用于問“星期幾？”，A中的Wednesday是“星期三”；B表示時刻，意為“8點”；C是月份；D是“陰天”。

4．B．在打電話量，詢問對方是哪一位要用Who's that?回答用This is ... 。

改錯

1．表示在某一天時用介詞on，如on Sunday（在星期日）；但表示在某一天早上／下午／晚上時，應去掉on。

2．從語境看，答語表示正在穿褲子，wear表示穿的狀態(tài)，put on則表示穿的動作。應將wearing改為putting on。

3．以here, there開頭的句子，當主語是代詞時，動詞要放在主語之后；當主語是名詞時，動詞要放在主語之前。應將該句改為Here is your book。

4．has只用于主語是單數(shù)第三人稱的肯定句，其否定句和疑問句在加does或doesn't之后，將動詞has還原h(huán)ave。應將has改為have。

5．以let's開頭的祈使句，后跟動詞原形。應將to stay改為stay。

6．What about ... ? 常用來征求對方的意見或者詢問某人對某事物的看法，后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式，但不能接動詞原形。所以應該將play改為playing。

閱讀理解

1．從第一句“Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom.”可以看出，應選A。

2．從“The trousers on the clothes line are black.”和后面的“Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's.” 判斷，應選B。

3．從“There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's.”可以斷定，應該選A。

4．整篇文章都談的是雙胞胎Lily和Lucy的房間里的東西，通讀全文得知，房間里有兩張床。應該選C。

5．從本文最后一句來看，應該選B。

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