句型1
would rather that somebody did…"寧愿……;更愿意……"(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望)
would rather that somebody had done…"寧愿……;更愿意……"(表示過(guò)去的愿望)
[例句]
I'd rather you posted the letter right now. 我想讓你現(xiàn)在去寄信。
I'd rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.
我到情愿你不是個(gè)知名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時(shí)間在一起。
I'd rather that I hadn't seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天沒(méi)有看到她。
句型2
as if/though+主語(yǔ)+did/had done…好像……(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況用過(guò)去時(shí);表示過(guò)去的情況用過(guò)去完成時(shí))[參考句型4]
[例句]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan談起羅馬來(lái)就好像他去過(guò)那里似的。
句型3
"wish +賓語(yǔ)從句"，表示不大 可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
表示現(xiàn)在的愿望：主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去時(shí);
表示過(guò)去的愿望：主語(yǔ)+had done;
表示將來(lái)的愿望：主語(yǔ)+would/could do
[例句]
How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我們學(xué)生多么希望有更多的自由時(shí)間放松自己!
I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn't wasted so much time playing!
What a pity you can't go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!
句型4
It's high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就該……
[例句]
It's time that you went to school.= It's time that you should go to school.
It's high time that we did something to improve our environment. 該是我們?yōu)榄h(huán)保做些事情了。
I think it's high time that she made up her mind. 我想她該拿定主意了。
句型5
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式完成結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
could have done "本來(lái)可以……"(表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能)。
might have done "本來(lái)可能……;本來(lái)應(yīng)該或可以做某事"(實(shí)際沒(méi)有發(fā)生;含有輕微的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣。
should/ought to have done "本來(lái)該做某事"(而實(shí)際未做)
should not/ought not to have done "本來(lái)不該做"(實(shí)際卻做過(guò)了，含有責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣)
needn't have done "本來(lái)不必做"(但是已經(jīng)做過(guò)了)
would rather have done "當(dāng)時(shí)寧愿做了某事"(實(shí)際沒(méi)有做過(guò));否定式would rather not have done表達(dá)相反意思，兩者都有表示"后悔"之意。
句型6
as, though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞放在連詞前。[參考倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)] 請(qǐng)注意下列句式的變化：
[例句]
1. Although/Though I'm young, I already know what career I want to follow.
→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
我雖然年輕，但我已經(jīng)明白我應(yīng)該追隨什么樣的事業(yè)。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 雖然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的觀點(diǎn)。
3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child(省略冠詞)as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他雖然還是個(gè)孩子，卻認(rèn)識(shí)了許多漢字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn't solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn't solve the problem. 盡管他努力了，但是他沒(méi)有解決問(wèn)題。
5. Although it is raining, I'm going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I'm going out for a walk. 天雖然在下雨，我還是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 這次意外雖然顯得不可思議，卻沒(méi)有人受傷。
7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 雖然我很想幫助你，但是我有很多事要做。
8. Object as you may, I will go. 縱使你反對(duì)，我也要去。
句型7
…before…特殊用法(1)"沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……"
[例句]
The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
他還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及沖進(jìn)房間救孩子，房頂就塌了。
He ran off before I could stop him. 我還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及阻止，他已經(jīng)跑了。
To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.
讓我非常失望的是，我還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及和我最喜歡的歌手打招呼，她就已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。
句型8
…before…特殊用法(2)"過(guò)了多久才……"或"動(dòng)作進(jìn)行到什么程度才……"
[例句]
They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.
他們西行50英里才看到一個(gè)村莊。
The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
工人們連續(xù)工作3天才使一切恢復(fù)正常。
He almost knocked me down before he knew it.
他幾乎撞到我了才意識(shí)到。
We had walked a long way before we found some water.
我們走了很長(zhǎng)的路才找到一點(diǎn)水。
Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不覺(jué)，五年過(guò)去了。
句型9
It was + 時(shí)間段+before…."過(guò)了多久才(怎么樣)……"
It was not long before…."不久，就……"
It will (not) be +時(shí)間段+before…."要過(guò)多久(不久)……才……"(before從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般時(shí)態(tài))
[例句]
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意識(shí)到他處境的危險(xiǎn)。
It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回來(lái)。
It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再過(guò)半年你才能畢業(yè)。
It will not be long before they understand each other. 他們大概不久就會(huì)互相了解。
句型10
in case of…(+n.) "以防;萬(wàn)一";
in case that…"以防，萬(wàn)一……"(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或should+動(dòng)詞原形)
[例句]
In case of fire, what should we do?
Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 萬(wàn)一我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?br />
In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.
Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).帶上雨傘，以防下雨。
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