強(qiáng)調(diào)句的概念：

強(qiáng)調(diào)句 (The Emphatic Pattern) 是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_(dá)自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式。通過各種方式對句子中的某個(gè)部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，從而起到修辭的作用。英語常用的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)有：It is (was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+that/who...；what…be…句型；

強(qiáng)調(diào)句的使用:

一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型：
1、用It is／was...that／who...句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
（1）陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人）+其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
（2）一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
（3）特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
注：被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分（通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語）放在is／was的后面，如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，則后面可用who，whom等代替。
如：原句：He met an old friend in the park yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語：It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語：It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語：It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.
2、用助動(dòng)詞do, does或did來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞。
如：Do come early.
He did send you a letter last week.
We're pleased that she does intend to come.
3、用主語從句+be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，主語從句常用what引導(dǎo)。
如：What John wants is a ball.
What Mary does every day is(to) give piano lessons.

二、not...until...句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句：
1、句型為：It is/was not until+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其它部分：
e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.
強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till, until可通用；
因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is/was not...已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

三、謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)：
1、It is/was...that...結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞do/does或did。
e.g. Do sit down.務(wù)必請坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他確實(shí)給你寫了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬）要小心啊！
2、注意：此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時(shí)用did，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。

使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請注意：

①強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語is或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù)。
如：It was yesterday that I met your father in the street.
②不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語，只能用that連接，不得使用where、when等連詞。
如：It was in the street that I met your father yesterday.
③被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。
如：It was your father that/whom/who I met in the street yesterday.
It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday.
④強(qiáng)調(diào)句中也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問題。
如：It is they who are our friends.
It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night.
⑤注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is/was...that...為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只是沒被強(qiáng)調(diào)，而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。
比較：1）It was ten o'clock when we got home last night. 我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。
2）It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night. 我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。
第一句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，when不可改為that，因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was和that后，只能組成“We got home ten o'clock last night.”這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，that不可改為when。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用法拓展：

1、句首詞用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。
2、be動(dòng)詞的形式是is或was，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式are或were。若原句的謂語動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)�來時(shí)，則用is；
若原句的謂語動(dòng)詞用了過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)，則用was。
如：It___the Chinese women that___a great role in the socialist construction.
A. is; plays
B. are; play
C .is; play
D. are; plays
答案：C
3、被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分如果是代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語用主格，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語用賓格。
如：It is him that/who/whom I met in the street yesterday.
It is I who/that am wrong.
4、連接詞一般用that，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)，既可用that也可用who。特別注意當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，不能用when或where。
如：It was on Oct1st, 1949 that People's Republic of China was founded.
It was at the gate____he told me the news.　　
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
答案：A
5、主謂一致問題被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語要和that后面的謂語動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上保持一致。
如：It is Mary who often _____(help) me with my English. （helps）
It is I that ____(be) against you. （am）
6、not...until結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)。
強(qiáng)調(diào)“not...until”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，要用“it is/was not until...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且須用陳述句語序。
如：We did not get off the bus until it stopped. ?
It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus. (注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)該結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)not until不能分開)

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