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動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

一.概念:

動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間語(yǔ)法或語(yǔ)義的關(guān)系.英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于主動(dòng)句,表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于被動(dòng)句,表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相同,而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由 助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞 構(gòu)成,有人稱(chēng),數(shù),時(shí)態(tài)的變化.

一. 相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

1. let 的用法

1)當(dāng)let后只有一個(gè)單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可用不帶to 的不定式。例如：

They let the strange go.他們放陌生人走了。

---> The strange was let go.

2)當(dāng)let 后賓補(bǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，let 通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而用allow或permit 代替。例如：

The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那護(hù)士讓我去探望住院的同學(xué)。

----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.

2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如：

My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顧。

Such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事聞所未聞。

3. 表示"據(jù)說(shuō)"或"相信" 的詞組，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等組成。例如：

It is said that…　　 據(jù)說(shuō)

It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道

It is believed that…　大家相信

It is hoped that…　大家希望

It is well known that… 眾所周知

It is thought that…　大家認(rèn)為

It is suggested that…　據(jù)建議

It is taken granted that…　 被視為當(dāng)然

It has been decided that… 大家決定

It must be remember that… 務(wù)必記住的是

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