衛(wèi)輝一中2012屆高三二輪備考抓分點(diǎn)透析之英語
名詞性從句
【2012年高考命題預(yù)測(cè)】
名詞性從句涉及較為復(fù)雜的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，是高中英 語的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)語法，也是歷年高考的高頻考點(diǎn)。通過對(duì)近年高考題的分析，2012年高考應(yīng)著重注意：1、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的區(qū)別；2、that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別；3、某些固定搭配及句型在名詞性從句中的用法。
【重難點(diǎn)突破】
【概述】名詞在句中一般作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。能象一個(gè)名詞一樣在句中充當(dāng)這些成分的從句就叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。常用的連接詞有：
連接詞作用
whether 是否
that (本身無詞義)只起連接詞作用，引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中不作任何成分
who, whom, whose
which 哪一個(gè)
what 什么，所…的在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語
在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語
在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語
when什么時(shí)候，where什么地方
how怎樣、怎么，why為什么除了起連接詞作用外，還在從句中作狀語
疑問詞（who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how）可以引導(dǎo)主語、賓語和表語從句。它們的特點(diǎn)是：1、疑問詞有本身的詞義；2、疑問詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語或狀語；3、這種疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句一律用陳述語序，不能用疑問語序。
Do you know whom they are looking for? 你知道他們?cè)谡艺l嗎？
（賓語從句，陳述語序。不能是whom are they looking for?）
I don’t know who did it.我不知道這是誰干的。
（賓語從句。在從句中如果疑問詞作主語，其陳述語序和疑問語序一致。）
She asked me where I had been.她問我到哪兒去了。
（賓語從句。陳述語序，不能是where had I been. 直接引語，間接引語。注意這句話的時(shí)態(tài)。）
Can you tell me when the train will arrive? 你能告訴我火車什么時(shí)候到嗎？
(賓語從句。陳述語序，不能是when will the train arrive. 直接引語，間接引語。)
I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他為什么還沒來。
（賓語從句，陳述語序。不能是why hasn’t he come yet.）
He didn’t tell me what you were doing. 他沒和我說你在干什么。
（賓語從句，陳述語序。不能是what were you doing.）
What you have done might do harm t other people. 你所做過的事情有可能傷害別人。
（主語從句。what 作從句的賓語。陳述語序，不能是what have you done. 如果用疑問語序，意思發(fā)生了變化，成了“你做了什么？”。）[來源:Zxxk.Com]
I don’t know where he is now. 我不知道他現(xiàn)在在哪里。
（賓語從句，陳述語序。不能是where is he now.）
Where he went for his weekend is not known. 不知道他去哪里過的周末。
（主語從句，where 作從句的地點(diǎn)狀語。陳述語序，不能是where did he go for his weekend.）
Whose fault this is is not important. 這是誰的過錯(cuò)并不重要。
（主語從句，whose 作從句的定語。陳述語序，不能是whose fault is this.）
What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend. 我想知道的是他到哪里度周末去了。
（這句話包含兩個(gè)名詞性從句：what I want to know是主語從句，what 在從句中作賓語，從句用陳述語序，不能是What do I want to know. Where he has gone for his weekend 是表語從句，where 在從句中作狀語，從句用陳述語序，不能是where has he gone for his weekend.）
下面我們?cè)俜謩e講述主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句和表語從句。
一、 主語從句
1．that 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，that 沒有意義，但不能省略。
（that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可以省略。）
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的頭發(fā)正在變白，這使她很不安。
that引導(dǎo)主語從句，it 作形式主語，that 不能省略。[來源:Zxxk.Com]
That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 眾所周知，她是個(gè)富有的女人。
這是that 引導(dǎo)主語從句，that 不能省略。這句話可以改為用it 作形式主語的句型。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們改寫：It is known to us all that she is a rich woman.）[來源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)]
We didn’t know (that) you had sold your house. 我們不知道你已經(jīng)把你的房子賣了。
這是that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，that 可以省略。注意這句話的時(shí)態(tài)。
2．從句作主語時(shí)，多數(shù)情況下由 it 作形式主語，而把主語從句放在后面，尤其是謂語部分（包括賓語）較短的情況下。
It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。
It is important that he should come on time. 他按時(shí)來是很重要的。
It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左邊那個(gè)人是本地的一位著名作家，這是真的。
這里，第一個(gè)that 引導(dǎo)主語從句，是單純的連詞，無詞義，不作句子成分。第二個(gè)that 是指示代詞，作句子成分，是man 的定語。
3．whether 既可以引導(dǎo)主語從句也可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)主語從句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能與or not 連用。作介詞賓語時(shí)不用if.如：
Whether I knew John doesn’t matter. = It doesn’t matter whether I knew John. 我是否認(rèn)識(shí)約翰沒有關(guān)系。
Whether or not she’ll come isn’t clear. = Whether she’ll come or not isn’t clear. = It isn’t clear whether …. 她是否來還不清楚。
It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. 這是主語從句還是賓語從句？it 是形式主語嗎？it 是代詞，whether 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，作介詞on 的賓語，不能用if引導(dǎo)。請(qǐng)翻譯這句話。這完全取決于我們是否能得到他們的合作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
賓語從句，介詞賓語，不能用if 引導(dǎo)。
She asked me whether/if you were married. 賓語從句，既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引導(dǎo)。注意時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)。
We haven’t decided whether/if we shall give them aid.
I’m not sure whether/if the report is believable.
Now let’s do some translation:
現(xiàn)在還很難預(yù)測(cè)誰會(huì)贏得下一屆總統(tǒng)選舉。
It is still hard to predict who will win the next presidential election.
對(duì)于多數(shù)公民來說，誰當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)無關(guān)緊要。
Who will become the president doesn’t matter much to most citizens.
這位前總統(tǒng)是否會(huì)被判處死刑還有待觀察。
It remains to be seen whether the ex-president will be sentenced to death.
真可惜，王教授不能出席我們的英語晚會(huì)。
It is a pity that Prof. Wang can’t attend our English Evening.
我們需要的是更多的時(shí)間。
What we need is more time.
二、 賓語從句
在謂語動(dòng)詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞之后都可以帶有賓語從句。某些形容詞如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以帶有賓語從句。
1．that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句: that 沒有意義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的確感到她正犯錯(cuò)誤。
James said (that) he was feeling better. 詹姆斯說他感到好些了。
Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him.聽說兒子受了重傷，他急忙趕到醫(yī)院去看望他。
I suggested that we should go home. 我建議我們回家去。
虛擬語氣，that 一般不能省略。
2．whether/if (是否)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：如果要突出“究竟是…還是不…”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不與or not連用。如：
He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他問我是否認(rèn)識(shí)約翰。
Let me know whether you can come or not.
你能來還是不能來，告訴我一聲。
3．在think, believe, suppose, expect 等動(dòng)詞的賓語從句中，否定不用在從句中，而是將think 等詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健?br />I don’t think the film is interesting.我覺得這部電影沒什么意思。
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow.
我認(rèn)為我們明天不會(huì)出去郊游。
4．如果從句作賓語而后面還有補(bǔ)語，為了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式賓語，而將賓語從句放在句尾。常跟這樣的復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take….for granted等。
George made it clear that he opposed this project.
喬治已明確表示他反對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。it 代表that 引導(dǎo)的句子，作賓語，clear 是賓語補(bǔ)足語。
They kept it quiet that he was dead.
對(duì)他已經(jīng)死亡的消息，他們秘而不宣。
I took it for granted that you’d stay with us.
我想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為你會(huì)和我們呆在一起。
三、同位語從句
同位語從句是對(duì)名詞的內(nèi)容給予具體、詳細(xì)的說明。常在后面接同位語從句的名詞有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等。同位語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞為that,有是也用when, where 等疑問詞。
The news that the United States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. 美國(guó)受到恐怖主義分子襲擊的消息令全世界吃驚。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。
People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人們?cè)J(rèn)為地球是宇宙的中心。
The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金這個(gè)事實(shí)。
They have no idea at all where he has gone.他們一點(diǎn)兒也不知道他去哪兒了。
注意：同位語從句的that 只是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有其他語法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；而定語從句中的that 除了引導(dǎo)定語從句外，還是定語從句的一個(gè)成分，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略。
The idea that some peoples are superior to others is sheer nonsense.
有些民族優(yōu)越于其他民族這種想法簡(jiǎn)直荒謬。（請(qǐng)辨別是同位語從句還是定語從句。）（同位語從句）
The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense.
他在會(huì)議上提出的這個(gè)想法簡(jiǎn)直荒謬。（請(qǐng)辨別是同位語從句還是定語從句。）（定語從句）
No one is happy with the fact that he found out.
沒有人對(duì)他發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)感到高興。（請(qǐng)辨別是同位語從句還是定語從句。）（定語從句）
No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.
沒有人對(duì)他將成為他們的老板這一事實(shí)感到高興。（請(qǐng)辨別是同位語從句還是定語從句。）（同位語從句）
四、表語從句
表語從句位于主句的連系動(dòng)詞之后，在非正式文體中引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略。
That’s not what I want. 那不是我要的。
That’s why I have come.那就是我為什么來了。
My opinion is that things will improve.我的意見是事情會(huì)好起來的。
One advantage of solar energy is that it will never run out.
太陽能的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)枯竭。
The truth is that he didn’t really try. 實(shí)際情況是他沒有真正努力。
The problem is who is to pay and when we can start.
問題是誰來付帳、我們又何時(shí)開始。
The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late.
事實(shí)是他注意到車時(shí)已經(jīng)太晚了。
What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.
使我感到吃驚的是他英語講得那么好。
All I can say is that I have nothing to do with it.
我能說的就是我與此事沒有關(guān)系。
What I want to know is where we shall go and whether she will join us. 我想知道的是我們要去什么地方以及她是否加入我們。
此外，表語從句還可由as if （好像）引導(dǎo)。
It looked as if it was/were going to rain. （虛擬語氣）
Now let’s do some translation:
這就是她昨天請(qǐng)一天假的原因。
That is why she had a day off yesterday.
我的想法是，個(gè)人的權(quán)利應(yīng)該得到充分尊重。
My idea is that individual rights should be fully respected.
問題在于上帝是否真的存在。
The question is whether the God really exists.
我想知道的是，他是如何在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的。
What I want to know is how he managed to complete the project in such a short time.
一、名詞性從句連接詞的選用：
⒈ if 和whether:
whether 和if在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，意思是“是否”，這時(shí)if并沒有“假設(shè)，如果”的意思；引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句以及介詞后之賓語從句，不能用if, 只能用whether；多數(shù)情況下引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞之賓語從句可用if 或 whether； whether引導(dǎo)的從句中可以有or not， if 引導(dǎo)的從句一般沒有or not。
（2011?山東卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know____ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．where B．whatC．whetherD．which
（2011?重慶卷）22．It is still under discussion _______the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when C．which D．where
⒉ that 和what：
that 和what都可引導(dǎo)主 語從句、賓語從句、表語從句（what通常不引導(dǎo)同位語從句，而that則可以）。what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可作從句中的主語、賓語或表語。而that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
⒊ 其他連接代詞和副詞的選用：
主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義，正確地選擇who, which, when, where, why, how等連接詞。這些連接詞即有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分，其區(qū)別從詞義上是顯而易見的。whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，其意分別為“所…的一切事或東西”、“任何…的人”、““…的任可人或物”等。如：
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要這書都可拿去。
I’ll do whatever I can to help him. 我們將盡我們所能來挽救他。
Buy whichever is cheapest. 買最便宜的。
注意以下受漢語意思影響而弄錯(cuò)的句子：
任何人來都?xì)g迎。
誤：Who comes will be welcome. / Anyone comes will be welcome
正：Whoever comes will be welcome. / Anyone who comes will be welcome.
另外，它們也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其意為“無論…”、“不管…”，其意相當(dāng)于 no matter who [what, which]。如：
Whatever happens, you must be calm. 不管發(fā)生什么情況，你都必須鎮(zhèn)靜。(whatever = no matter what)
He won't eat you, whoever he is. 不管他是誰，他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)
注：whoever 既用作主格也用作賓語；作賓語時(shí)不宜用 whomever，因?yàn)樵诂F(xiàn)代英語中 whomever 這個(gè)已幾乎廢棄不用。
（2011?山東卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2010浙江）—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
—OK, you want. 【C】
A．whichever B．however C．whateverD．whoever
（2010上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .【B】
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
4. why 與 because 的用法區(qū)別。兩者均可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)的原因。如：
I had a cold. That’s why I didn't come. 我感冒了，因此我沒來。
I didn’t come. That’s because I had a cold. 我沒有來，那是因?yàn)槲腋忻傲恕?br />5. 引導(dǎo)詞that的省略
主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、用it作形式賓語的賓語從句及并列賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句，that都不能省略。只有單個(gè)賓語從句中的 that 可以省略。
（2010上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.【A】
A. that B. how C. what D. why
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 【B】
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
二、名詞性從句的語序
名詞性從句的語序要用陳述句語序，而不要使用一般疑問句的語序
（2010湖北）74. The news ________（房?jī)r(jià)將要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
答案：that the housing price will fall
三、同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：
定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。如果定語從句是用that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分；同位語從句對(duì)中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體、實(shí)際內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，無具體詞義，且不可省略。
（2011?遼寧卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】 （同位語從句）
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?山東卷）32．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other．【D】）（定語從句）
A．they B．where C．what D．that
四、名詞性從句在固定搭配、固定句型中的用法
1、由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下會(huì)放到句子的后面，而用代詞it作形式主語。常見的以it作形式主語的主語從句句型有四種：
It + be + adj.(strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/ funny/ possible/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important) + that …
It + be + no wonder/ a pity/ a shame/ a fact/ an honor/ good news + that…
It + be + said/ reported/ believed/ understood + that…
It + seems/happens/appears/doesn’t matter/makes no difference + that…
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2010浙江）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what C．how D．whether
2、have\ take\ put\ like + it + that-從句
Enjoy\ hate\ love\ like\ dislike\ appreciate\ prefer + it + when (if)-從句
see to\ look to\ insist on\ stick to\ depend on\ answer for + it + that-從句
take it for granted\ bring it to sb’s attention\ owe it to sb + that-從句
3、there is no doubt that ….毫無疑問….
There is no denying that …不能否認(rèn)….
There is no/a possibility that… …沒可能/有可能
There is a chance that …可能…
【高考真題剖析】
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．
A．Which B．What C． That D．Whom
答案【B】考查名詞性從句。Offer sth to sb，offers后無賓語所以選擇B。
（2011?陜西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money．
A．why B．when C．which D．what
答案【D】考查名詞性從句。表語從句中do后缺少賓語所以選擇D。
（10江蘇）35. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s ____ I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
答案【A】考查名詞性從句、。 這就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以用where. 用表語從句.
【真題練習(xí)】
（09安徽）1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
A. It has B. They have
C. It remains D. There remains
【答案】D
（09湖南）2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whoever
【答案】C 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為：她對(duì)我們來說是非常寶貴，我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好做一切來拯救她的生命。
（09江西）3. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. tha t D. though
【答案】C 間隔式同位語從句的用法。即先行詞是the fact 和that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中間隔了謂語部分。
（09海南）4. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
【答案】C whoever既作了 to 的賓語，又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主語�！皐hoever”作代詞，／any person who／the person who／“任何人”、“無論誰”、“……的人”。
（09陜西）5. The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
【答案】D 此處從做介詞to的賓語，是名詞性從句，引導(dǎo)詞做從句的主語，指人，意思是：無論是誰，選D
（09海南）6. One of the most important questions they had to co nsider was of public health
A. what B. this C. that D. which
【答案】C 句意為：他們必須考慮其中最重要的問題是公共衛(wèi)生�？疾閠hat作代詞，that 作代詞，往往用于特指，相當(dāng)于“that＋名詞”，它 也只能代替事情不能代替人。
（09上海）7. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
【答案】B
（09四川）8. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C 在該題中that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)同位語從句來解釋說明news的內(nèi)容，由于該題把同位語從句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)而錯(cuò)誤選擇了D項(xiàng)。
（09天津）9. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A . as B. which C. whether D. that
【答案】D
（09浙江）10．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?
－No problem.
A.WhenB. that C. whetherD. what
【答案】B
（09重慶）11 We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】A
（09江蘇）12.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
【答案】D
（09山東）13. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
【答案】A remain是系動(dòng)詞，后加表語從句，由句意可知，從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語，所以選A。
（10福建）35. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
35. 答案：C
考點(diǎn)：賓語從句
解析：空格在句中充當(dāng)賓語
（10湖南）35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
A. where B. whetherC. that D. why
35. 答案D
考點(diǎn)：考查名詞性從句。
解析：該空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，根據(jù)句意“辦公室中沒人知道她為什么如此生氣”可判斷選D項(xiàng)。
（10天津）14. As a new graduate, he doesn’ t know it takes to start a business here.
A. how B. what C. When D. which
答案： B.
考點(diǎn)：考查名詞性從句。
句意：作為一名新畢業(yè)生，他不知道需要什么才能在這里開始經(jīng)營(yíng)。
解析：空格后的從句中takes是動(dòng)詞，其后缺少賓語，所以引導(dǎo)該賓語從句的連接詞要用what。
主語從句
（??北京）
33. some people regard as a drawbac k is seen as a plus by many others.
A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
33.答案：B
考點(diǎn): 本題考查主語從句。
句意：一些人眼中的缺點(diǎn)是別人眼中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
解析：從句中缺賓語，只能用B. what來引導(dǎo). C.中的That引導(dǎo)主語從句不做成分。
（10浙江）—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
—OK, you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whateverD．whoever
答案：C
考點(diǎn)：本題考查引導(dǎo)詞。
解析：句意：“這個(gè)周末野營(yíng)怎么樣，來點(diǎn)新鮮的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根據(jù)語境分析出后者支持前面的提出的觀點(diǎn)。
9．It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. [來源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)Z&X&X&K]
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
答案：B
考點(diǎn)：本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
解析：根據(jù)句意：盡管大約有兩千名病人服用過這種藥物，但是，它會(huì)帶來什么樣的副作用還不確定。side effect意思是“副作用”，還原主語從句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故選擇what，形容詞“什么樣的”，起修飾作用。
（10上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
答案：A
考點(diǎn)：此處考查的是表語從句。
解析：考察that引導(dǎo)表語從句的用法。此處that不可以省略。
（10湖北）74. The news ________（房?jī)r(jià)將要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
74. 答案：that the housing price will fall
考點(diǎn)：同位語從句
解析：用 “that” 引導(dǎo)同位語從句，“房?jī)r(jià)”譯成 “housing price”。
（10山東）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
A. why B. what C. how D. which
答案:B
考點(diǎn)：本題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
解析：句意應(yīng)為“在大甩賣開始前，我把孩子們?cè)谙聜�(gè)季節(jié)里要用到的東西列了一個(gè)清單�！狈治鼍涫浇Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)need的賓語，所以B項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)正確。which 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)多表示疑問且要有一個(gè)明確的范圍。
（10上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
答案：B
考點(diǎn)：本題考查賓語從句。
解析：which引導(dǎo)的句子做know的賓語，句子用陳述語序。
（10四川）14．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives
A．what B．who C．how D．why
答案：B
考點(diǎn)：考查介詞后的賓語從句。
解析：根據(jù)句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知應(yīng)是和誰去， 故選B。句意為“一個(gè)人旅游多么享受很大程度上取決于他和誰去，無論是他的朋友還是親戚。”
（10全國(guó)Ⅰ）33. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
33題 答案：D
句意：我們還沒有討論把我們的新家具放在哪里。
解答：根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察從句。題干中空格劃在動(dòng)詞discuss的后面，因此考察賓語從句，根據(jù)句意在賓語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，因此選擇D。
（10湖北）31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where C. what D. how
31. 答案：C
考點(diǎn): 賓語從句
解析：我想別人喜歡我是因?yàn)槲业膬?nèi)在。也就是我inside的品質(zhì)。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同學(xué)誤選A，錯(cuò)誤的用中文語言習(xí)慣去做英文題。
（10全國(guó)Ⅱ）10.—Have you finished the book?
---No,I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.
A.which B.what C.hat D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查賓語從句。Up to為介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，后接賓語從句從句；而句意是“讀到孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引導(dǎo)這個(gè)賓語從句最合適。
（10江蘇）35. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A.where B.how C.when D.what
選A. 這就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以用where. 用表語從句.
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
32.答案：B
考點(diǎn):本題考查表語從句。
解析：從句不缺成分，因此 用that來引導(dǎo)。句意：狄更斯喜歡他自己的小說大衛(wèi)科波菲爾的部分原因是小說創(chuàng)作非常貼近他本人的真實(shí)生活。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
（2011?四川卷）10．Our teachers always tell us to believes in we do and who we are if we want to succeed．【C】
A．why B．how C．what D．which
（2011?北京卷）31．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face．【A】
A．what B．how C．that D．why
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．【B】
A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom
（2011?陜西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money． 【D】
A．why B．when C．which D．what
（2011?遼寧卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?江蘇卷）26．It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner．【D】
A．that B．howC．when D．why
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2011?安徽卷）33．His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express．【D】
A．that B．howC．who D．what
（2011?山東卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2011?山東卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．whereB．what C．whetherD．which
（2011?重慶卷）34．It is not always easy for the public to see _______ use a new invention can be of to human life．【B】
A．whose B．what[來源:Zxxk.Com]
C．which D．that
（2011?重慶卷）22．It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when
C．which D．where
鞏固練習(xí)：
1. We should think carefully about ______ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that B. what C. which D. /
2. ______ you have s een things like these before doesn’t matter.
A. If B. Whether C. What D. When
3. She took it for granted ______ I’d be back home an hour ago.
A. that B. whether C. if D. when
4. At that time I had no idea ______ I cou ld hand it to him without being seen.
A. if B. how C. which D. that how
5. Last Sunday he promised ______ today, but he hasn’t appeared yet.
A. that he would come B. that he will come
C. he will come to see me D . whether he would come
6. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t arrive by daylight.
A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for
7. Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.
A. that B. if C. whether D. that if
8. ______ is the most useful invention?
A. Do you think which of these B. Which of these do you think
C. Which of these you think D. You think which of these
9. ---I believe ______ you’ve done your best and ______ things will improve.
---Thank you.
A. that; / B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that
10. It depends on ______ we have enough time.
A. if B. if or not C. that D. whether
11. You will realiz e ______ breaks the law will be punish ed.
A. that those who B. that those that
C. whoever D. those whoever
12. I don’t doubt ______ he will come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
13. When and why he came here ______ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known
C. has not known D. have not been known
14. The city is no l onger ______.
A. what it is B. that it used to be
C. which it was D. what it used to be
15. ______ was the idea ______ the wife thought of ?
A. What; that B. That; what
C. How; why D. Why; how
16. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what
C. that which D. which that
17. ______ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
18. ______ he really means is ______ he disagrees with us.
A. What; that B. That; what
C. Why; that D. If; what
19. --- Don’t you believe me?
---______. I’ll believe ______ you say.
A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what
C. Yes; whatever D. No; no matter what
20. Lei Feng was always thinking of ______ he could help others.
A. that B. how C. when D. which
21. Can you tell me ______?
A. who is that woman B. who the woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is
22. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. those
23. After months of research there was little hope ______ the lost car might be found.
A. that B. which C. when D. how
名詞性從句：BBABABDBDDCAADABCACBBCA
1. _________they have won the game made us excited.
A./ B.That C.What D.Where
2. ________I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
A.If B.Whether C.Even if D.When
3. _________he says in his report is a very interesting question.
A.What all B.All what C.What D.What that
4. When they will start________not been decided.
A.have B.is C.does D.has
5. _______certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.
A.That is B.This is C.It is D.It has
6. ________is unknown to us all.
A.Where did she put it B.Where she put it
C.That where she put it D.In which she put it
7. ________nothing to do with us.
A.What she did have B.What she did is
C.What did he do has D.What she has done has
8. The trouble is________we are short of hands.
A.what B.that C.how D.which
9. Energy is_________makes things work.
A.what B.everything C.something D.that
10. My hometown is not________it used to_______ten years ago.
A.when, do B.what, do C.what, be D.when, be
11. The rea son_______I have to go is _______my mother is ill in bed.
A.why, why B.why, because C.why, that D.that, because
12. The thought________he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.which B.that C.when D.so that
13. That is________ I lost my pen.
A.when B.where C.that D.what
14. Have you any idea_______?
A.how fast does light travel B.how quick light travels
C.how soon light travels D.how fast light travels
15.His suggestion_______to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.
A.that we go B.which we should go
C.that we would go D.we would go
16.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.
A.which B.that C.all what D.all that
17.He often thinks of________he can do more for his country.
A.what B.how C.that D.which
18.He made_________quite clear that he wouldn't change his mind.
A.this B.that C.it D.what
19.I don't know_________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
20.He has come , but I didn't know that he________until yesterday.
A.is coming B.will come C.was coming D.wasn't coming
21.He ran back into the room to see if he________anything behind.
A.has forgotten B.had forgotten C.has left D.had left
22.They want to know_________do to help us.
A.what can they B.what they can
C.how they can D.how can they
23.Do you know________brighter than the moon?
A.why the sun look B.why the sun looks
C.why does the sun look D.why is the sun look
24.Can you tell me_______the railway station?
A.how I can get to B.where I can get to
C.how can I get to D.where can I get to
25.These photographs will show you________.
A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
26.Can you make sure________the gold ring?
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
27.No one can be sure_________in a million years
A.what man will look like B.what will man look like
C.man will look like what D.what look will man like
28.He asked________for the violin.
A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid
29.I remember_________this used to be quiet village
A.when B.how C.where D.what
30.----Do you remember_________he came?
----Yes, I do, he came by car.
A.how B.when C.that D.if
31.________the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That
32.It worried her a big_________her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
33.________he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter
34.They have to no idea at all_________.
A.where he has gone B.where did he go
C.which place has he gone D.how busy we were
35.You have no idea___________those days.
A.that we were how busy B.how busy were we
C.that how we were busy D.how busy we were
36.I don't know___________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
37.You can leave the note______you meet in my office.
A.who B.whoever C.to who D.with whomever
38.______a computer works is a question that______can understand.
A.What;none B.How;no one
C.What;nobody D.How; not everyone
39.Go and get your coat.It’s______you left it.
A.there B.where C.there where D.where there
40.It worried a bit______her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.A 30.A 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.A 35.D 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.B 40.B
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