Unit 20 What's your favourite sport?
【單元目標(biāo)】
1. 語(yǔ)音
⑴字母o的發(fā)音,字母組合oa,oo,ou,ow的發(fā)音
⑵句子重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)
2. 單詞和短語(yǔ)
sport, ouch, basketball, easy, pass, try, yo-yo, go, throw, hard, ride, swim, skate, fly, card, volleyball, jump, sing, run, high, then, question, postal, code, ski, tennis, chess, fan, player, team, every, Friday, come on, be good at, table tennis, roller-skating
3. 交際用語(yǔ)
What's your favourite sport?
Don't worry.
Don't throw it like that.
Catch the ball.
Do it like this.
I'm (not) good at basketball.
You can pass the ball like this.
Do you want a go?
4. 語(yǔ)法
。1)進(jìn)一步掌握祈使句的肯定及否定形式的構(gòu)成及用法。
。2)掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的用法。
【重難點(diǎn)分析】
語(yǔ)音
1. o的發(fā)音
/ ?u / close nose rose
/ ? / cock clock sock
/ ? / brother mother other
/u: / do who whose
/ u / woman
2. oa的發(fā)音
/ ?u / boat coat goat
3. oo的發(fā)音
/u:/ food room broom
/u/ good look cook foot
4. ou的發(fā)音
/au/ blouse mouth about
/ ?/ trouble double
5. ow的發(fā)音
/au/ brown down town
/ ?u/ bow row throw
6. 句子重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)
英語(yǔ)講究輕重音節(jié)的搭配。例如I'′sorry .I'm ′late. 英語(yǔ)的多音節(jié)詞或語(yǔ)句,總是以重音為骨干,以輕音為陪襯,而重音和輕音又是交替出現(xiàn)的。漢語(yǔ)中輕讀的語(yǔ)法成分要比英語(yǔ)少,而英語(yǔ)中除了實(shí)義詞一般都重讀外,許多結(jié)構(gòu)功能詞,諸如介詞、連詞、助動(dòng)詞等通常都采用弱讀形式,受漢語(yǔ)的影響有不少學(xué)生把句子中的每一個(gè)單詞都重讀,他們不會(huì)使用弱讀形式。例如,他們會(huì) 把“I'm a ′teacher"讀成"′I ′am ′a ′teacher."這樣的讀音在以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人們聽(tīng)來(lái),不重要的詞和音節(jié)過(guò)分突出,而真正重要的詞和音節(jié)反而沒(méi)有得到應(yīng)有的強(qiáng)調(diào)。英語(yǔ)中,如果不是有意進(jìn)行對(duì)比,代詞一般都不重讀。
詞匯
1. want a go
要試一試,go在短語(yǔ)中作名詞,want a go=want a try=want to have a go/try.
例如:
(1)Let him have a go/try.讓他試一試。
(2)Do you want a go/try at flying a kite?你想試一下放風(fēng)箏嗎?
2. do表示"做"、"干"時(shí),是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,為及物動(dòng)詞。其作助動(dòng)詞時(shí),本身用于除第三人稱外的其他各人稱,其否定式為don't=do not.
例如:
(1)Who can do it?誰(shuí)能做這件事?
(2)I don't like you.我不喜歡你。
(3)Do you go to school on foot?你步行上學(xué)嗎?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
3. Easy
形容詞,容易的,其反義詞是difficult或hard(困難的)。
例如:
(1)It is easy/hard/difficult.
(2)I can't play football. It's too hard.我不會(huì)踢球,太難了。(It代替play football)
(3)Can you fly a kite? Yes. It's too easy.你能放風(fēng)箏嗎?可以,太容易了。
4. With
介詞,其意思有
、疟硎"帶著";
Please take a sweater with you.
請(qǐng)帶上一件毛衣。
⑵表示"和……在一起";
Mum is with Grandma at home.
媽媽在家里和奶奶在一起。
、潜硎"具有"、"帶有";
He'd like a glass of tea with sugar.
他要一杯加糖的茶/糖茶。
、缺硎"以……"、"用……"。
He writes with his left hand.
他用左手寫(xiě)字。
5. hard
可作副詞,意思可為"努力地、賣(mài)力地、拼命地、猛烈地"等;也可作形容詞用,意思可為 "困難的、硬的"例如:
All the students study hard at school.
所有學(xué)生在學(xué)校都努力學(xué)習(xí)。
Some of the apples are hard to reach.
有些蘋(píng)果很難夠著。
6. tall和high的區(qū)別
、耪f(shuō)人,動(dòng)物,樹(shù)木等有生命的東西,主要用tall,不用high,例如
a tall woman 一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女
a tall horse 一個(gè)高大的馬
、普f(shuō)一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí),要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上時(shí),飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí),例如:
He is high up in the tree.
他高高地爬在樹(shù)上。
The plane is so high in the sky.
飛機(jī)在空中這么高。
、侵附ㄖ、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以,不過(guò)high的程度比tall高。
⑷high可作副詞,tall不能。
、蓆all的反義詞為short, high的反義詞為low.
句型
1. Ling Feng, David and some other boys are playing basketball.
只能說(shuō)some other boys, 不能說(shuō)other some boys。表示數(shù)量的詞和other 連用時(shí),數(shù)詞須位于other 之前,不能位于后,例如
Many other classmates do the work with us.
許多別的同學(xué)也與我們一塊兒做這工作了。
Three other boys help her carry the banana baskets.
另外三位男孩幫她搬香蕉簍子。
2. Come on!
Come on主要用于口語(yǔ)中以表示催促、勸說(shuō)、激勵(lì)、有不要猶豫毫不耽擱之意思。
Come on .It's raining.
快。天下雨了。
Oh, come on, Li Dong, come on. Sing a song for us.
來(lái)吧,李東,來(lái)吧。給我們唱首歌吧。
3. You see, I'm not good at basketball.
be good at常用來(lái)表示某人"在某方面做得好"或"擅長(zhǎng)于",英文解釋為do well in,介詞at后常接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式,例如:
She's good at Chinese, but not good at English.
她中文很好,但英語(yǔ)不好。
Mr. Green is good at drinking coffee, but sometimes he drinks tea.
格林先生愛(ài)喝咖啡,但有時(shí)他也喝茶。
4. I don't like it very much.
⑴very much通常只修飾動(dòng)詞,不能修飾形容詞或副詞,所修飾的動(dòng)詞通常是一些情感性的動(dòng)詞,如want, like, thank, love, enjoy等。
It is a very nice picture.
那是一張很不錯(cuò)的畫(huà)。
Mrs. Read wants very much to see you.
里德夫人很想見(jiàn)你。
、"我們很喜歡他。"只能譯成"We love him very much. "許多中國(guó)學(xué)生不知道very不能修飾動(dòng)詞,錯(cuò)誤地譯成"We very love him."另外,very much用于否定句中時(shí),不是加強(qiáng)否定語(yǔ)氣,而是降低否定程度,屬不完全否定,試比較:
I don't like fish or meat.
我不喜歡魚(yú)和肉。
I don't like fish or meat very much.
我不太喜歡魚(yú)和肉。
5. You can pass the ball bike this.
pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb.意思是"把某物傳給某人"。如:
Please pass me that pen.= Please pass that pen to me.
請(qǐng)把那支鋼筆遞給我。
6. Throw it like this.
like this/ that意思是"像這樣/那樣",這里like是介詞,表示"像……一樣",后面一般接名詞或代詞,like介詞短語(yǔ)在句中可作狀語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。例如:
Don't write like that.
不要那要寫(xiě)。(作狀語(yǔ))
Jach has a hat like a dog.
杰克有一頂像狗的帽子。(作定語(yǔ))
Joe is like his father.
喬長(zhǎng)得像他父親。(作表語(yǔ))
7. What's your favourite sport? 你喜愛(ài)什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?
Favourite 在這里是形容詞,意為"喜歡的,喜愛(ài)的",用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。這是個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句須作具體回答。應(yīng)答此疑問(wèn)句時(shí)有兩種方式,例如:
What's your favourite sport?
你喜愛(ài)什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?
My favourite sport is playing football.
我喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)是踢足球。
Football is my favourite sport.
足球是我最喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
類似的問(wèn)題前面還學(xué)過(guò),例如:
(1) --- What's your favourite food?
--- 你喜歡什么食物?
--- Hamburger is my favourite food.
--- 漢堡包是我最喜愛(ài)的食物。
(2) --- What's your favourite drink?
--- 你喜愛(ài)喝什么飲料?
--- My favourite drink is coke and juice.
--- 我愛(ài)喝的飲料是可樂(lè)和果汁。
語(yǔ)法
1. 祈使句
祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令等,它的主語(yǔ)you一般要省略,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用動(dòng)詞原形,句末用驚嘆號(hào)或句號(hào),用降調(diào)朗讀,其結(jié)構(gòu)為"v.+…"。祈使句的否定句只需在肯定式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加上don't即可,其結(jié)構(gòu)為"Don't+v.+…"。
例如:
Sit down, please. 請(qǐng)坐。
Don't be nervous! 別緊張!
2. can和could
(1) can表示體力和腦力方面的能力,或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的"能力"。例如:
Can you ride a bike? 你會(huì)騎自行車(chē)嗎?
What can I do for you? 要幫忙嗎?
Can you make a cake?你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎?
(2) can用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的"懷疑""猜測(cè)"或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be?他會(huì)在什么地方呢?
Can the news be true?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎?
It surely can't be six o'clock already?
不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.
湯姆,你不可能餓得這么快,你剛吃過(guò)午飯。
What can he mean?他會(huì)是什么意思?
在日常會(huì)話中,can可代替may表示"允許",may比較正式。例如:
、 You can come in any time.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。
、 --- Can I use your pen?
--- Of course,you can.
---我能用你的鋼筆嗎?
---當(dāng)然可以。
、 You can have my seat,I'm going now.
我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性,還有懷疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑問(wèn)句中)。例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)
醫(yī)生說(shuō)他能幫助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.(能力)
當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)
那時(shí)我們以為所說(shuō)的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如:
Could I speak to John,please?
我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎?
Could you?在口語(yǔ)中表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。例如:
Could you wait half an hour?
請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎?
Could you please ring again at six?
六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎?
(4) can的形式
只有現(xiàn)在式can和過(guò)去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài),有時(shí)也能表示將來(lái)。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)(包括將來(lái)時(shí))須用be able to加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示。例如:
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他們沒(méi)有能到北京來(lái)。
日常交際用語(yǔ)
1. That's right.
That's right意為"對(duì)的",表示贊同對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)、看法或行為,肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷,其相反的表達(dá)是That's wrong.有時(shí)That's right.=You are right. That's wrong.=You're wrong.
例如:
(1) "I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""說(shuō)得對(duì)"。
(2) "Ten and one is eleven." "that's right."
"10+1=11"."你是對(duì)的?quot;
2. That's all right.
That's all right.意為"不用謝"、"沒(méi)關(guān)系",用來(lái)回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。
例如:
(1) "Many thanks." "That's all right."
(2) "Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
3. All right.
All right.意為"行了"、"可以",表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示"身體很好"。
例如:
(1) "Please tell me about it." "請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
(2)Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎?
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