一、基本用法
when 表示時(shí)間,where 表示地點(diǎn),why 表示原因。如:
There came a day when the rain fell in torrents. 有一天下著傾盆大雨。
July and August are the months when the weather is hot. 七八月是天氣很熱的月份。
That's the hotel where we were staying last summer. 這就是我們?nèi)ツ晗奶熳〉穆灭^。
He rents a room near the office where he works. 他在他工作的辦公室附近租了一間屋子。
Do you know the reason why I left early? 你知道我為什么早走嗎?
The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank. 他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。
用法延伸:關(guān)系副詞有時(shí)可換成“介詞+which”。如:
I’ll never forget the day when [on which] we first met. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們第一次見面的那一天。
That’s the house where [in which] he lived 10 years ago. 那就是他10年前住過(guò)的房子。
That’s the reason why [for which] he came. 那就是他為什么來(lái)的原因。
二、易錯(cuò)提醒
注意不要一見到先行詞為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因等,就用關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 等,還要看它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中通常只能作狀語(yǔ),所以若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),則不能選用關(guān)系副詞,而要用關(guān)系代詞,即使其前的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因等。如:
Don’t forget the time (that, which) I’ve told you. 不要忘記我告訴你的時(shí)間。(that, which 用作定語(yǔ)從句 told的賓語(yǔ),由于是作賓語(yǔ),所以也可省略)
He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家電視機(jī)廠工作。(that, which 用作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ))
The reason that [which] he gave is different from yours. 他說(shuō)的理由與你說(shuō)的理由不同。(that, which 用作定語(yǔ)從句中g(shù)ave 的賓語(yǔ))
注:在先行詞 the reason 后除用關(guān)系副詞 why外,也可用that(即使用作狀語(yǔ)也是如此)。如:
The reason why (that) they liked the restaurant was its anonymity. 他們喜歡那家餐館的理由是它的默默無(wú)聞。
That is the reason why (that) I asked you. 那是我詢問(wèn)你的理由。
The reason why (that) she doesn’t like me is that I make her nervous. 她不喜歡我的原因是我讓她緊張。
The reason why (that) I’m asking is that I’m short of money. 我問(wèn)的原因是我缺錢。
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