將來進(jìn)行時(shí)
一、 概念
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作，或表示要在將來某一時(shí)間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動作。常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。
二、 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)由“動詞be的將來時(shí)+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，具體形式見下表：
人稱
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
第一人稱
I shall/will be leaving.
We shall/will be leaving.
第二人稱
You will be leaving.
You will be leaving.
第三人稱
He/She/It will be leaving.
They will be leaving.
三、 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在將來某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。將來進(jìn)行時(shí)有很強(qiáng)的推測性，因此人們往往在以下幾種場合中使用它：
1. 表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作，一般帶狀語。
例如：
What will you be doing at this time next Monday?
下周一的這個(gè)時(shí)候你將做什么了？
When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.
明天他來我家時(shí)，我將在寫報(bào)告。
2. 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作，但這個(gè)動作會延續(xù)到將來。
例如：
I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.
我想知道今天下午是否還會一直下雨。
I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
我想她會一直在做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)直到第二天早上。
3. 表示預(yù)定的將來動作或?qū)淼念A(yù)測。
例如：
Tomorrow I will be flying to Bombay.
明天我將飛往孟買。
After you take the medicine, you will be feeling much better.
吃完藥后，你會感覺好很多。
4. 表示委婉的請求。
例如：
When shall we be meeting again？ 我們什么時(shí)候能再見面？
5. 表示原因。
例如：
Please come tomorrow afternoon .Tomorrow morning, I'll be having a meeting.
明天下午快點(diǎn)來。明天早上我將有一個(gè)會議。
6. 表示結(jié)果。
例如：
Stop the child or he will be falling over. 快阻止孩子，要不然他會摔跤的。
7. 表示對將來的打算（區(qū)別于對將來的預(yù)測）
例如：
My duties will end in July, and I'll be returning to Beijing. 七月我將結(jié)束工作，返回北京。
過去將來時(shí)
一、 概念
過去將來時(shí)的動詞表示對過去某一時(shí)間來說將要發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)常用在賓語從句中。
二、 過去將來時(shí)用法
1. should/would + 動詞原形
例如：
He said he would be there before Monday.
他說他星期一以前將在那里。 ( be 動詞肯定式 )
We hoped she should not go the next week.
我們希望下星期她不去。 ( do 動詞的否定式 )
注意：這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)是一個(gè)相對的時(shí)態(tài)，立足于過去某時(shí)，從過去的觀點(diǎn)看未來。在一定的語境中也可于其他從句或句子中。
例如：
It was a problem whether he would support us. 他是否會支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。
It was seven o’clock. The sun would soon set. 這時(shí)是七點(diǎn)鐘，太陽即將落山。
2. was/were going + 動詞不定式
過去將來時(shí)的這種表達(dá)形式可以表示過去曾經(jīng)打算或計(jì)劃準(zhǔn)備要做的事。
例如：
They told me that they were going to have a picnic. 他們告訴我他們將要舉行一次野餐。
We were going to have a meeting. 我們曾經(jīng)打算開個(gè)會。
過去將來時(shí)的這種形式可以表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的事，但未實(shí)現(xiàn)的動作。
I was just going to ring him up when she came.
我剛要給他打電話，她就來了。 ( 電話沒打成 )
有時(shí)也用 was/were + coming 表示過去將來時(shí)。
例如：
She didn't know when they were coming again. 她不知道他們時(shí)候會再來。
3. was/were about + 動詞不定式 表示在過去看來正要做某事。
例如：
They were about to leave when the telephone rang. 他們正要走，電話鈴響了。
I was just about to go to bed when she came to see me. 我正要睡覺，她來看我了。
4．was/were + 動詞不定式 表示定于過去某時(shí)將要做某事。
例如：
He was to meet her at 10 on the street. 他約定和她10點(diǎn)鐘在街上見面。
注意：若表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)(或被取消)的計(jì)劃，則用was (were) to+動詞完成時(shí)。
例如：
They were to have left at 7 last night. 他們本來計(jì)劃昨晚7點(diǎn)離開的。
5．would（should）+動詞原形 把助動詞be變?yōu)檫^去式，把will，shall變?yōu)檫^去式。
例如：
I told them that I would not go with them，if it rained.
我告訴他們，如果下雨我就不和他們一起去了。
He didn’t know how to do it. What would be their ideas？
他不知道該怎么辦，他們會有什么想法呢？
6．would（should）+動詞原形 過去將來時(shí)�？捎脕肀硎具^去習(xí)慣性的動作。此時(shí)，不管什么人稱，一律用would。
例如：
Whenever she had time，she would do some reading.
她一有時(shí)間，總是看書。
I would play with them when I was a child.
當(dāng)我還是孩童時(shí)，總是和他們一起玩。
現(xiàn)在把將來進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法歸納如下表：
將 來 進(jìn) 行 時(shí)
構(gòu)成
will /shall be＋現(xiàn)在分詞
基本
用法
1）表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)的動作
2）表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作
3）表示委婉語氣，有時(shí)用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)可使語氣更委婉
注意事項(xiàng)
1）為避免will給人誤以為是表示“意愿”的情態(tài)動詞，口語中表示單純的將來時(shí)常用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)
2) 條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中須用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來進(jìn)行時(shí)
過 去 將 來 時(shí)
構(gòu)成
would+動詞/was (were) going to/was (were) about+/was (were)+
基本
用法
1）would do 表示從過去看某事將要發(fā)生
2）用was (were) going to do表示過去某時(shí)計(jì)劃或安排要做某事
3）用was (were) about+表示在過去看來正要做某事
4) was (were)+，表示過去計(jì)劃安排將要發(fā)生的動作，語氣較為正式
注意事項(xiàng)
1）表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)(或被取消)的計(jì)劃，則用was (were) to+動詞完成式
2) 在條件和時(shí)間狀語從句中，要表示過去將來須用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)
3）come，go，leave，arrive，start等動詞可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)填空
1. The Blacks with us for the time being.
A. will stay B. would stay C. have been staying D. will be staying
2. The plane at the present speed until it crosses the mountain at about ten tonight.
A.would go B. went C. will be going D.goes
3. Mr. Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because ______ then.
A.he must have a class B.he will be teaching a class
C.he teaches a class D.he will have been teaching a class
4. I won’t be able to watch the concert on TV tonight because I homework at that time.
A. shall have done B. shall be doing C. shall do D. have been doing
5. I _______ my boss at three this afternoon.
A. shall be picking up B. shall be picked
C. shall have been picking up D. shall have picked
6. You can’t miss Frank. He______ a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you.
A. is wearing B. will wear C. wears D. will be wearing
7. ----Could you give these books to Mr. Black?
----Absolutely, _______him at five o’clock this afternoon.
A.I will have a talk B. I have a talk with
C.I can have a talk with D.I will be having a talk with
8. I’m afraid I won’t be available then. I _____ a friend off at three this afternoon.
A. see B. am seeing C. will see D. will be seeing
9. Next Friday I will go to another concert .They ____some thing by Mozart at that time.
A. play B. will be playing C. are going to play D. are to play.
10. ---What are you doing, Jack?
---Make a model plane. I ____ it in the science class at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning.
A. will be showing B. am going to show C. show D. have showed
11. We _____ a debate on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow.
A. will be having B. am having C. am going to have D. have
12. What do you think you _____at this time next year?
A .will do B. will be doing C. are about to do D. do
13. ---What will you do tomorrow evening?
---I _____my favorite program between 8 and 11, then I will go out to drink in my usual bar.
A. will watch B. am about to watch
C. will be watching D. am watching
14. ---When will you come to see me, Dad?
---I will go to see you when you_____ the training course.
A. will have finished B. will be finishing C. are finishing D. finish
15. Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.
A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand
16. I _______ very happy if I could be of some service to you.
A. would be B. have been C. must be D. can be
17. The meeting was to at 9 o’clock but the manager until twenty minutes later.
A. start; didn’t turn up B. have started; didn’t turn up
C. start; hadn’t turned up D. be started; hadn’t turned up
18. ---- he come to see you?
----Of course, please. And I’d rather he me the truth.
A．Will; inform B．Shall; told C．Should; would say D．Can; spoke
19. If the building project _____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company _____ fined.
A. will be completed; is to be B. to be completed; will be
C. being completed; will be D. completed; was
20. ---- I rang you at about ten, but no one answered the phone.
---- Oh, that was probably when I _______ my neighbor.
A. visited B. was going to visit C. was visiting D. had visited
21. Because I the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening.
A. was leaving B. will leave C. had left D. was about to leave
22. ----Henry, fancy meeting you here.
----Oh, it’s you Jack. Sorry, I ______ you ______ to me.
A. didn’t think; were speaking B. don’t think; spoke
C. didn’t think; would speak D. thought; are speaking
23. By next summer John in this factory for thirteen years.
A．has been working B．will have been working
C．will be working D．has worked
24. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he __________ from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate
25. I _______________ the office when the telephone rang.
A. was about to leave B. would leave C. left D. was to leave
26. According to their agreement reached in 1943, no country ___________ peace with Germany alone.
A. is to make B. was to make C. would make D. was about to make
27. He promised me if we_______ the game, he ________us a round of drink.
A. win; will buy B. would win; would buy
C. won; bought D. won; would buy
28. He said time and time again that he _________, but he actually stayed well after midnight.
A. is leaving B. was leaving C. was to leave D. will leave
29. ---- Mom, I got the first prize in the spelling contest.
----Oh, how great! Daddy will be so proud of you. He _____ you _____ to win.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going
C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
30. Tom_________ to Jerry and tell him about his new school at once.
A. will write B. writes C. wrote D. writes
二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. He __________ (lie) on one of the sunny beaches in Hawaii all day when he spends his holiday there.
2. Don’t call me between 2:00 and 4:00 this afternoon. I ________ (have) an test then.
3. Nobody knew what ________ (happen) to the Earth in a century’s time.
4. Mr. Lee said he would give the CD to me as soon as he ______ (return) from Canada.
5. When we were young, father________ (take) us for a special treat on Mother’s day.
6. ----Did you invite Sarah to your birthday party?
----Sorry, I forget. I _______ (call) her now.
7. You have to put in more effort if you were _________ (pass) the test.
8. I __________ (tell) you about my plan, but you stopped me before I could speak.
9. Will you __________（use）your computer this time tomorrow?
10. I __________ (close) the kitchen door when a little mouse popped its head out.
三、句子改錯(cuò)
1. He was to cross the road when a car suddenly raced up round the corner.
2. When we went to the west coast for spring break, we will find hotel near the beach.
3. Many animals will die of thirst when the river will run dry.
4. She said she was going to come when her mother told her supper was ready.
5. Are you going to call the police when you found your laptop stolen?
四、中譯英
1. 我正打算往河里跳時(shí)看見水里出現(xiàn)一條蛇。
2. 下個(gè)月的今天我們將乘飛往去南美洲。
3. 據(jù)報(bào)道，有一顆人造衛(wèi)星將在酒泉被發(fā)射。
4. 她本打算今年暑假去歐洲旅行，但金融危機(jī)使她丟了工作。
5. 我的朋友告訴我他下個(gè)月就開始他的研究計(jì)劃。
五、真題回顧
1. ---Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.
---Oh, how nice of you! I ______ you ______ to bring me a gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going
C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
2. --We could have walked to the station; it was so near.
---Yes. A taxi ______ at all necessary.
A. wasn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. won't be
3. .We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left
4. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
--- I _______, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
5. ---Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
--- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _____ of my friends back home.
A. have just thought B. was just thinking
C. would just think D. will just be thinking
6. ---Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night.
--- I _____, but I suddenly remember I had homework to do.
A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t
7. In a room above the store where a party_______ , some workers were busily setting the table.
A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held
8. I _____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _______.
A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred
9. --- Has your father returned from Africa yet?
--- Yes, but he _________ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be
10. ---Ring me at seven a.m.?
--- No, not that early! I ________.
A. sleep B. will sleep C. am sleeping D. will be sleeping
11. You know, I ______ looking for a job for three months, and this is my first interview.
A. am B. was C. will be D. have been
12. You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he ______ an important meeting then.
A. will have B. would have C. will be having D. will have had
13. --- Do you have any problem if you _______ this job?
--- Well, I am thinking about the salary.
A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered
14. My uncle _________ until he was forty-five.
A. married B. didn’t marry
C. was not marrying D. wouldn’t marry
15. --- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?
--- Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society.
A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined
參 考 答 案
一、單項(xiàng)填空
1----5 DCBBA 6----10 DDDBA 11----15 ABCDC 16----20 ABBBC
21----25 AABCA 26----30 BDBBA
二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. will be lying 2. will/ shall be having 3. would happen 4. returned
5. would take 6. will call 7. to pass 8. was about to tell
9. be using 10. was about to close
三、句子改錯(cuò)
1. was to 改成 was about to 2. will 改成 would
3. will run 改成 runs 4. was going to come 改成 was coming
5. Are 改成 Were
四、中譯英
1. I was about to jump into the river when a snake appeared.
2. We shall be flying to South America this time next month.
3. It was reported that another satellite would be sent up in Jiu Quan.
4. She was going to take a trip to Europe this summer vacation, but she lost her job to the financial crisis.
5. My friend told me he would start his research project next month.
五、真題回顧
1----5 BABCB 6----10 CACAD 11----15 DCCBD
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