2016高考英語理解鞏固練習(xí)精品題（48）及答案
【吉林市普通中學(xué)2016—2013高三（下）質(zhì)量檢測】C
Children have their own rules in playing gaes. They seldo need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care uch about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t see to worry the if the gae is not finished. Yet, they like gaes that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly copare. They also enjoyed gaes that ove in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the deterining of which side shall start, is alost a gae in itself.
Grown-ups can hardly find children’s gae exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such siple gae again and again. However, it is found that a child plays gaes for very iportant reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find hiself being a useful partner to soeone of who he is ordinary afraid. He becoes a leader when it coes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular gaes, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at soeone, or to kiss soeone he has caught.
It appears to us that when children play a gae they iagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and ore iportantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules ay be childish, but they ake sure that every child has a chance to win.
62.What is true about children when they play gaes?
A. They can stop playing any tie they like.
B. They can test their personal abilities.
C. They want to pick a better tea.
D. They don’t need rules.
63.To becoe a leader in a gae the child has to _________.
A. be a useful partner B. wait for his turn
C. be confident in hiself D. be popular aong his playates
64.Why does a child like playing gaes?
A. Because he can be soeone other than hiself.
B. Because he can becoe popular aong friends.
C. Because he finds he is always lucky in gaes.
D. Because he likes the place where he plays a gae.
65.Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Rules in Children’s Gaes
B. Advantages of Playing Gaes for Children
C. Reasons for Children’s Gaes
D. How to Be a Popular Gae Player
62.A. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第三句可知。
63.B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知。
64.A. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第三句可知。
65.B. 主旨大意題。由全文內(nèi)容可知。
理解-----D
Astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water
that had been recycled fro ;their. urine (尿)，sweat and water got fro air. They said "cheers,"
clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground.
The urine recycling syste is needed for astronaut stations on the oon and ars. It also
will have NASA oney because it won't have to ship up as uch water to the station by space
shuttles or cargo rockets. Besides, it's. iportant as the space station is about to expand fro three
people living on beard to six.
The recycling syste had been brought up to the space station last Noveber by space
shuttles Endeavour, but it couldn't be used until saples were tested back on earth: So when it
cae tie to actually drink up, NASA ade a big deal of it. The -three-an crew stood holding
their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the syste.
"This is soething that had been the stuff of science fiction,” Aerican astronaut ichael
Barratt said before taking a sall outhful. "The taste is worth trying."
The new syste takes the cobined urine of the crew fro the toilet, oves it to a big tank,
where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away.
Then the water vapor is ixed with water fro air, and then it goes through filters（過濾器）．
When six crew ebers are aboard it can ake about six gallons fro urine in about six hours.
“Soe people ay find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on
earth, but with a lot longer tie between urine and the tap,” said arybeth Edeen, the space
station's national lab anager.
The technology NASA developed for his syste has already been used for quick water
purification after the 2004 Asian tsunai.
53. According to the text, the recycling syste is iportant because______．
A．it akes traveling to he oon for the average person possible
B．with it NASA won't need to ship any water up the space station
C．it can help eet the need for ore water after the crew is expanded
D. it protects the environent in space by reducing the aount of waste
C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的it won't have to ship up as uch water to the station by space
shuttles or cargo rockets. Besides, it's. iportant as the space station is about to expand fro three
people living on beard to six.可知選C。
54. Fro paragraph 5，we can know________.
A. the theory behind the recycling syste B．the effect of the recycling syste
C. an opinion on recycling urine D. the process of recycling urine
D考查判斷、推理。根據(jù)The new syste takes the cobined urine of the crew fro the toilet, oves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away.可知，這是循環(huán)利用的過程。
55. What did Edeen say about recycled urine and the recycling syste?
A. The taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of coon water.
B. The recycling syste has ade a science fiction story coe true，
C. The idea of drinking recycled urine akes astronauts feel unpleasant.
D. It takes a longer tie on earth to ake water fro urine than in space.
D考查判斷、推理。根據(jù)it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer tie between urine and the tap可知，在地球上，把尿凈化成自來水需要更長的時間。
56. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Research of NASA Has ade Great Progress
B. New Technology Is Used in the Space Station
C. Drink up Space Station Recycles Urine to Water
D. Good News：Water Recycled fro Urine Tastes Good
C考查的標(biāo)題。根據(jù)全文可知：在空間站將尿轉(zhuǎn)換成水。
閱讀理解----E
No one likes to ake istakes. But a new study says organizations learn ore fro their
failures than fro their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.
One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado
Denver Business School. He worked with Peter adsen fro the arriott School of anageent
at Brigha Young University in Utah.
They did not find uch long-ter "organizational learning" fro success. It is possible, they
say But Professor Desasays they found that knowledge gained fro failure lasts for years.
He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore
the．
The study looked at copanies and organizations that launch satellites一and other space
vehicles. Professor Desai copared two shuttle flights．
In two thousand two, a piece of insulating（隔熱的）aterial broke of, during launch and
daaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.
Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Colubia during launch.
This tie, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew ebers died. NASA officials
suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.
Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can ake leaders ore
open-inded. He points to airlines as an exaple of an industry that has learned fro failures in
the past.
He advises organizations to look for useful inforation in sall failures and failures they
avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of inforation. The study appeared
in the Acadey of anageent Journal
The istakes we learn fro do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our
Facebook page to tell us a tie they had done soething really silly.
Fabricio Cino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did
everything I could to start it. Thirty inutes later y u showed up and, passing by, said to e
"Did you try plugging it'? I’ just dusting，u！”So she wouldn't notice how dub I a
soeties！
Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a tie he looked everywhere for his key. It was in his
pocket. He wrote：I always proise I will never do it again, but after-a few weeks___，where is y
wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place.
57. What we get fro failure differs fro that fro success in that_______.
A. what we learn fro failure is ore powerful
B. what we learn fro success does no good to us
C. the knowledge gained fro failure is iportant for a copany
D. the knowledge gained fro failure lasts longer
D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段a new study says organizations learn ore fro their
failures than fro their successes, and keep that knowledge longer和第三段they found that knowledge gained fro failure lasts for years.可知選D。
58. Fro the passage, we can infer that________.
A. the insulating aterial proble in 2002 didn't arouse enough attention
B. there were no astronauts on Colubia
C. in spite of the proble, Atlantis was considered a success
D. Colubia exploded during its launch tie
A考查判斷、推理。根據(jù)In two thousand two, a piece of insulating（隔熱的）aterial broke of, during launch and daaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.可推知。
59 ．The writer gives the last two paragraphs to show that________.
A. any people ake istakes in the world
B. istakes were a very ebarrassing thing when found by others
C. we can also draw a lesson fro others' istakes
D. aking istakes was a necessity
C考查作者的寫作意圖。作者舉例說明從別人的錯誤中獲取教訓(xùn)。
60. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Only organizations can learn fro istakes
B. We can also learn fro failures that have been avoided.
C. Lessons fro the shuttle flights are ore iportant.
D. Leaders often lack an open ind and seldo share inforation.
B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)He advises organizations to look for useful inforation in sall failures and failures they avoided.可知選B。
【吉林市普通中學(xué)2016—2016高三（下）質(zhì)量檢測】D
As you are probably aware, the latest job arkets news isn’t good: Uneployent is still ore than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the econoy, of course. And it ay be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right no But it actually shouldn’t atter to you nearly as uch as you think.
That’s because job growth nubers don’t atter to job hunters as uch as job turnover data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to prootions, resignations, terinations (終止), and retireents. In both good ties and bad, turnover creates ore openings than econoic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the econoy was still huing along, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 illion!
And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 illion job hunters are being hired every onth.
I don’t ean to iply that overall job growth doesn’t have an ipact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total eployent were higher, it would ean ore jobs for all of us to choose fro (and copete for).
But what often distinguishes those who land jobs fro those who don’t is their ability to stay otivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present theselves to potential eployers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections.
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four illion people get hired every onth in the U.S. You can be one of the.
66.The author tends to believe that high uneployent rate ______.
A. deprives any people of job opportunities
B. prevents any people fro changing careers
C. should not stop people fro looking for a job
D. does not ean the U.S. econoy is worsening
67.Where do ost job openings coe fro?
A. Job growth.B. Job turnover.
C. Iproved econoy.D. Business expansion.
68.The underlined word “huing” in Paragraph 2 probably eans _________.
A. falling B. satisfying
C. growingD. disappointing
69.What does the author say about overall job growth?
A. It doesn’t have uch effect on individual job seekers.
B. It increases people’s confidence in the econoy.
C. It gives a ray of hope to the uneployed.
D. It doesn’t ean greater job security for the eployed.
70.What is the key to landing a job according to the author?
A. Education.B. Intelligence (智力).
C. Persistence (堅持).D. Experience.
66.C. 推理。真正表達(dá)作者觀點的是第一段最后一句和原文最后一段第一句。
67.B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句可知。
68.C. 詞義猜測題。由上下文的growth可知。
69.A. 觀點態(tài)度題。由第四段第一句可知。
70.C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段第一句可知，關(guān)鍵詞是stay otivated。
閱讀理解----A
As you grow older, you’ll be faced with soe challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes. aking decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do soething, it’s called peer pressure.
Peers can have a positive influence on each other. aybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to reeber the planets in the solar syste. aybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone’s reading it. These are exaples of how peers positively influence each other.
Soeties peers influence each other in negative ways. For exaple, a few kids in school ight try to get you to cut class with the; your soccer friend ight try to convince you to be ean to another player and never pass hi the ball.
It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely.” Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t cut class, soke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do.
If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle, talk to soeone you trust. Don’t feel guilty if you’ve ade a istake or two.
41. For who is the passage ost probably written?
A. Students. B. Parents. C. Teachers. D. Doctors.
42. In the last three paragraphs, the author ainly_____.
A. explains why friendship is so iportant
B. gives advice on how to deal with peer pressure
C. discusses how peers influence us
D. shows how to ake ore good friends
43. Which of following ay help handle peer pressure?
A. Spending ore tie with classates.
B. Taking up ore relaxing hobbies.
C. Choosing friends with no bad habits.
D. Helping others who are in trouble.
44. What is the topic of the passage?
A. Friendship. B. aking decisions C. Self-confidence D. Peer pressure
參考答案 41—45. ABCD
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