Chapter1. My Favorite Sport-Skiing
Grammar學案
一、章節(jié)分析
（一）綜述
本章節(jié)主要語法---情態(tài)動詞是表示說話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語氣等，本身有一定的詞義，這一點與實義動詞相近，但情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語, 只能輔助其他動詞構(gòu)成謂語。本章節(jié)語法要讓學生對情態(tài)動詞的基本含義，及用法有基本的了解。
（二）目標
講解幾個重點和較為常用的情態(tài)動詞的相關用法。
（三）教學方法
口語情景教學法。（教師創(chuàng)設情境，通過對于課文和日常生活的談論，在口頭表達之中加操練態(tài)動詞的運用）
（四）重點和難點
A部分的情態(tài)動詞must, have to, should, ought to
二、快捷識記
情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，認為“可能”、“應當”、“必要”等等，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨作謂語。
1.can與could
I can do it well. 我能做好。 （表能力）
She can be free this Sunday. 她這個星期天可能有空。 (表可能性)
How can you be so careless! 你怎么這樣粗心！ （表驚異）
What you told me can’t be true. 你跟我講的不可能是真的。 （表懷疑）
Could you give me some help? 你可以幫幫我嗎？ （ 委婉提問）
2.may 與might
May I come in? 我可以進來嗎？ （ 表允許）
在回答may的問句時，要盡量避免直接用may或may not, 而用其他的方式來代替。
---May I come in?
--- Yes, please. 或 Certainly.等
---No, please don’t 或No, you mustn’t. “ 不行�！�
He may be at home. 他可能在家。 （ 表可能，也許）
If he were here, you might get some help from him. 他要是在這兒，你或許能從他那里得到一些幫助。 （ 在虛擬條件句中表假設 ）
3.will 與would
will 表示“意志、意愿”，可用于多種人稱。在疑問句中用于第二人稱時，表示詢問對方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蟆＠纾?br />We will help him if he asks us to do.
Will you give him a message when you see him?
would 是 will的過去式，表示過去時間的“意志、意愿”， 可用于多種人稱。若表示說話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱�，語氣比will婉轉(zhuǎn)，表示現(xiàn)在時間。例如：
They said that they would help us.
Would you like some coffee?
4.shall 和should
在疑問句中，shall用來征詢對方意見或請求指示、用于第一、三人稱。
Where shall we wait for you?
Shall I start the work now?
should作為情態(tài)動詞，表示“勸告、建議”，常譯為“應該”。
You should keep your promise.
Young people should learn new things.
should 用于疑問句或感嘆句中（表示意外、驚異等，意為“竟會”， 與how, why , who 連用。例如：
How should I know?
Who should come in but he president himself!
5. 情態(tài)動詞+have done
表示“可能已經(jīng)……”, “ 想必已經(jīng)……”, “本來可能……”等意思,是對過去情況的判斷。例如：
He must have arrived there. 他一定到那兒了。
He can have understood what you had said. 他可能已經(jīng)聽懂你所說的了。
You could have done it better. 你本來可以做得更好的。
We ought to have given you more help. 我們本應該給你更多幫助的。
You needn’t have told them that. 你本來不必告訴他們的。
三．隨堂過關
I. 用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空。
1) My friend John ____________ to smoke, but now he doesn’t.
2) --- Could I borrow your dictionary?
--- Oh, of course you ____________.
3) She __________ bring me little presents when she came to our house.
4) If you want help, let me know, ______________ you?
5)You __________ go to Beijing by air or by train.
6)A soldier __________ shave every morning in that country.
7)--- Shall I tell John about it?
--- No, you ___________. I’ve told him already.
8)At that time they thought the story __________ be true.
9) It’s a secret. You _____________ tell other people.
10) ___________ you come a little earlier?
II. 單項選擇：
1.He knew he ___________ tell her that.
A. ought not B. ought to not C. didn’t ought to D. ought not to
2.In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I ________ Mr. Shen for help.
A. used to go to B. was used to go to C. would go to D. used to going to
3.Who _________ to meet us but the manager!
A. is coming B. will come C. should come D. has come
4.If we had taken the other road, we ____________ earlier.
A. might arrive B. had arrived C. might be arriving D. might have arrived
5.The boy _________ the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.
A. has finished reading B. will finish reading
C. can’t have finished reading D. can’t have finished to read
6.I was really anxious about you. You __________ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. can’t have left D. needn’t leave
7.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _________ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
8.Mr. Zhang ________ come to the party, but perhaps he will go to see his father.
A. must B. should C. may D. ought to
9.--- Must I do it now?
--- No, you __________.
A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
10.Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on in such cold winter.
A. can B. may C. would D. must
11.This pen ______ his; he was not here in the morning.
A. mustn’t B. can not be C. should not be D. may not be
12.The book is borrowed from a friend. You ______ you children put dots and lines here and there.
A. shouldn’t be letting B. needn’t have let
C. shouldn’t have let D. ought to not have let
13.We came early and had to wait two hours before the ceremony began. We __________.
A. should not hurry B. must not have hurried
C. need not hurry D. need not have hurried
14.He______ to speak with them but they appeared to be in a hurry.
A. would stop B. will stop C. would have stopped D. would be stopping
15.He didn’t even turn his head when I shouted at him. He _______ a deaf man.
A. is B. should C. must be D. must have been
16.The mother is telling her son, “You _______ eat with your fingers!”
A. wouldn’t B. hadn’t to C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t to
17.He was a good runner so he _______ escape from the police.
A. might be B. hadn’t C. was able to D. succeeded to
18.You __________ take your umbrella. I’m sure it won’t rain.
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. shouldn’t
19.Whenever my father had time, he _______ teach me English.
A. used to B. was used to C. would D. could
20.--- Need I start from the beginning?
--- Yes, you __________.
A. need B. do C. can D. must
參考答案
I. 1. used 2. can 3. would 4. will 5. may/can
6. must 7. needn’t 8. might 9. mustn’t 10. could
II. 1---5 D C C D C 6---10 B C C B D
11---15 B C D C C 16---20 C C B C D
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